Kosse, Texas
Kosse is a town in Limestone County, Texas, United States. The population was 497 at the 2000 census. A July 1, 2009 U.S. Census Bureau estimate placed the population at 507.
Kosse calls itself "A Little Town with a Big Heart."
Geography
Kosse is located at 31°18′27″N 96°37′49″W / 31.30750°N 96.63028°W / 31.30750; -96.63028 (31.307452, -96.630267). It is situated at the junction of State Highways 7 and 14 in southwestern Limestone County, approximately 16 miles east of Marlin and 17 miles south of Groesbeck. The closest large cities are Waco, 42 miles to the northwest, and Bryan/College Station, 52 miles south of Kosse.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.3 square miles (3.4 km2), all land.
History
Kosse (Königsberg)
Kosse or Cosse was a quarter of western Königsberg, Germany. Its territory is now part of the Tsentralny District of Kaliningrad, Russia.
Kosse was originally a fishing village under the control of Altstadt on the northern shore of the lower Pregel. It was bordered to the northwest by Ratshof, to the north by Mittelhufen, and to the east by Laak, Lizent, and the 17th century Königsberg fortifications. Peter the Great of Russia stayed overnight at the inn of Kosse in 1712. By 1804 it contained a modest Gasthaus visited by the city's upper class.
Kosse began to develop into an industrial district at the beginning of the 20th century, and in 1905 was incorporated into the city of Königsberg. The city's gasworks was moved from Hintere Vorstadt to Kosse in 1902, while the new power station opened in Kosse in 1907; both facilities were constructed through the initiative of city construction councillor Ferdinand Krieger. Norddeutsche Zellulose A.G., a cellulose factory, was constructed from 1906-07. A large street car depot also opened in Kosse in 1907, while a cold storage warehouse was completed in 1914. Just east of Kosse was the train station Bahnhof Holländerbaum, opened in 1929.
Neuron
A neuron (/ˈnjʊərɒn/ NYEWR-on or /ˈnʊərɒn/ NEWR-on; also known as a neurone or nerve cell) is an electrically excitable cell that processes and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals. These signals between neurons occur via synapses, specialized connections with other cells. Neurons can connect to each other to form neural networks. Neurons are the core components of the brain and spinal cord of the central nervous system (CNS), and of the ganglia of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Specialized types of neurons include: sensory neurons which respond to touch, sound, light and all other stimuli affecting the cells of the sensory organs that then send signals to the spinal cord and brain, motor neurons that receive signals from the brain and spinal cord to cause muscle contractions and affect glandular outputs, and interneurons which connect neurons to other neurons within the same region of the brain, or spinal cord in neural networks.
Neuron (journal)
Neuron is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal of neuroscience published by Cell Press. It was established in 1988.
External links
Hartmann Neuron
The Hartmann Neuron was an electronic musical instrument designed and built by industry designer Axel Hartmann of the German company Hartmann Music in the years 2001–2005. The Neuron synthesizer used an Artificial Neural Network to create a digital computer model from sampled sounds, implementing a new synthesis technology which was developed by Stephan Bernsee at Prosoniq. This computer model could then be used to resynthesize a new sound, giving the player control over "musical" aspects such as instrument body size, material and other acoustic properties. This parametric approach is very different from the more mathematical approaches of other synthesizers.
Critique
Even though the instrument was awarded numerous prizes for innovation it was difficult to operate due to its limited display capabilities, which made adjusting the tonal qualities of a sound a tedious trial and error process. Given the very high price of the instrument (around 5000 USD) many people felt that manipulating a wireframe model of a sound only by ear did not allow for the amount of control necessary for such a complex operation. However, combined with a sample editor, the included Modelmaker software & MIDI control via sequencing, this difficulty can be somewhat rectified, albeit without the aid of the 3D image of the model.
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