Kol

Kol, KOL or KÖL may refer to:

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河南 (disambiguation)

河南 may refer to:

Kol of Sweden

Kol (died about 1173) and Boleslaw of Sweden were contenders for the throne of Sweden from 1167 until their deaths a few years later. Kol has been called Kol Sverkersson, based on an unverifiable assumption that he was a son of King Sverker I of Sweden. The only medieval sources that say anything about his parentage claim he was a grandson of Sverker, that is a son of Prince John.

Kol did battle for the throne, allegedly in tandem with his younger half-brother or uncle Boleslaw, after King Charles VII of Sweden was assassinated by Canute I of Sweden. Kol was recognized at least in parts of Sweden. He is to have held the throne in opposition to Canute for a few years. He was probably killed in battle or murdered by Canute's men around 1173. A 14th-century source claims that he was killed at Bjälbo.

The suggestion that he was a son of Sverker is based on a Danish source which mentions that Sverker had a son Boleslaw. This son has been identified by some historians (such as Nathanael Beckman in Svenskt biografiskt lexikon) as the throne contender by the same name, and thus Kol has also been assigned Sverker I for a father.

Kol (dinosaur)

Kol is a genus of alvarezsaurid theropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. The type specimen was excavated from the Ukhaa Tolgod locality of the Djadochta Formation, dating to about 75 million years ago. It is believed to have been about twice the size of the contemporary Shuvuuia. However, unlike Shuvuuia, which is known from many well preserved specimens, and although Ukhaa Tolgod has been thoroughly explored, Kol is known only from one complete foot, suggesting that it must have been relatively rare in that ecosystem.

The binomial name Kol ghuva comes from the Mongolian köl, "foot" and ghuv-a, "beautiful."

Because of the incomplete nature of the type specimen (catalog number IGM 100/2011), the exact relationship of Kol to other alvarezsaurids has been difficult to determine. However, Kol shows an extreme arctometatarsalian condition of the foot bones, in which the middle metatarsal is severely pinched between the outer bones (usually considered an adaptation for fast running, also seen in ornithomimosaurs and tyrannosaurs). This suggests that it was more advanced than primitive alvarezsaurids which lacked this foot structure, like Alvarezsaurus and Patagonykus. It was probably more closely related to contemporary Mongolian species.