KPA

KPA may refer to:

Henan Airlines Flight 8387

Henan Airlines Flight 8387 (VD8387/KPA8387) was a domestic flight operated by Henan Airlines from Harbin Taiping International Airport to Yichun Lindu Airport, both located in Heilongjiang province, China. On the night of August 24, 2010, the Embraer E-190-100 LR operating the route crashed on approach to Yichun Lindu with 91 passengers and 5 crew members on board. This was the first hull-loss and the first accident with fatalities involving an Embraer E-190.

The final report, released in June, 2012 by Chinese State Security Agency for Work Safety (CSAWS) concluded that there was a failure of the crew for not observing the safety rules for landing under fog.

Accident

Flight 8387 departed Harbin Airport at 20:51, at 21:10 the aircraft obtained the weather from Yichun Airport and they were told the visibility was 2,800 m (9,200 ft) . At 21:16 the crew were alerted to dense fog at the airport and within the next ten minutes they confirmed a decision height of 440 m (1,440 ft) for a VOR/DME approach to Runway 30. At 21:28:19 the airport controller told the Flight 8387 that although the vertical visibility was ok the horizontal visibility was bad. At 21:28:38 the aircraft overflew the airport and was seen by the airport controller. At 21:33 they completed a procedural turn for the approach, at 21:36 the autopilot was disengaged. At 21:37 the aircraft had descended to the 440 m (1,440 ft) decision height but the pilot could not see the runway. At 21:38 the aural height warning started, although the crew could not see the runway and had passed the decision height they did not do a missed approach procedure and the aircraft hit the ground.

Pascal (unit)

The pascal (symbol: Pa) is the SI derived unit of pressure used to quantify, internal pressure, stress, Young's modulus and ultimate tensile strength. It is defined as one newton per square metre. It is named after the French polymath Blaise Pascal.

Common multiple units of the pascal are the hectopascal (1 hPa = 100 Pa) which is equal to one millibar, the kilopascal (1 kPa = 1000 Pa), the megapascal (1 MPa = 1,000,000 Pa), and the gigapascal (1 GPa = 1,000,000,000 Pa).

The unit of measurement called standard atmosphere (atm) is defined as 101.325 kPa and approximates to the average pressure at sea-level at 45° N.Meteorological reports typically state atmospheric pressure in hectopascals.

Etymology

The unit is named after Blaise Pascal, noted for his contributions to hydrodynamics and hydrostatics, and experiments with a barometer. The name pascal was adopted for the SI unit newton per square metre (N/m²) by the 14th General Conference on Weights and Measures in 1971.

Definition