Juvenal

Decimus Iūnius Iuvenālis [ˈdɛkɪmʊs ˈjuː.ni.ʊs ˈjʊ.wɛ.naː.lɪs], known in English as Juvenal /ˈdʒuːvənəl/, was a Roman poet active in the late 1st and early 2nd century CE, author of the Satires. The details of the author's life are unclear, although references within his text to known persons of the late 1st and early 2nd centuries CE fix his terminus post quem (earliest date of composition).

In accord with the manner of Lucilius—the originator of the genre of Roman satire—and within a poetic tradition that also included Horace and Persius, Juvenal wrote at least 16 poems in dactylic hexameter covering an encyclopedic range of topics across the Roman world. While the Satires are a vital source for the study of ancient Rome from a vast number of perspectives, their hyperbolic, comic mode of expression makes the use of statements found within them as simple fact problematic. At first glance the Satires could be read as a critique of pagan Rome, perhaps ensuring their survival in Christian monastic scriptoria, a bottleneck in preservation when the large majority of ancient texts were lost.

Juvenal (Poyarkov)

Metropolitan Juvenaly of Krutitsy and Kolomna (Russian: Ювеналий, митрополит Крутицкий и Коломенский; born Vladimir Kirillovich Poyarkov (Russian: Владимир Кириллович Поярков); September 22, 1935) is a hierarch of the Russian Orthodox Church. The metropolitans of Krutitsy (previously, Sarsky) have traditionally served as auxiliary bishops to the Patriarchs of Moscow, but with a special elevated status making them equal to a ruling diocesan bishop (Russian: Патриарший наместник) for the countryside part (the Moscow Region) of the Moscow diocese.

Biography

Juvenaly was born in Yaroslavl on September 22, 1935. He entered the Leningrad Spiritual Academy in 1953, completing his studies there in 1957. He was tonsured a monk two years later and named hierodeacon of the Prince Vladimir Church in Leningrad that same year. He was ordained to the priesthood on January 1, 1960. He was named hegumen in 1962 and archimandrite the following year. He was chosen as Vicarial Bishop of Zaraysk, vicar to the Moscow Eparchy, in November 1965. He was consecrated on December 25, 1965 in the Trinity Church of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra in Leningrad. In 1969 he was made Bishop of Tula and assistant of the Russian Orthodox Churches department of External Relations. He was elevated to the archbishop dignity in 1971 and to the metropolitan dignity the following year. He was made Metropolitan of Krutitsy and Kolomna in 1977.

Juvenal (name)

Juvenal is a surname and given name.

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See also