Yamuna

The Yamuna (/jəmʊnaː/; Sanskrit and Hindi: यमुना), sometimes called Jamuna (Hindi: जमुना; /d͡ʒəmʊna:/) is the longest and the second largest tributary river of the Ganges (Ganga) in northern India. Originating from the Yamunotri Glacier at a height of 6,387 metres on the south western slopes of Banderpooch peaks in the uppermost region of the Lower Himalayas in Uttarakhand, it travels a total length of 1,376 kilometers (855 mi) and has a drainage system of 366,223 square kilometres (141,399 sq mi), 40.2% of the entire Ganges Basin, before merging with the Ganges at Triveni Sangam, Allahabad, the site for the Kumbha Mela every twelve years. It is the longest river in India which does not directly flow to the sea.

It crosses several states, Uttarakhand, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh, passing by Uttarakhand and later Delhi, and meets its tributaries on the way, including Tons, its largest tributary in Uttarakhand, Chambal, its longest tributary which has its own large basin, followed by Sindh, the Betwa, and Ken. Most importantly it creates the highly fertile alluvial, Yamuna-Ganges Doab region between itself and the Ganges in the Indo-Gangetic plain. Nearly 57 million people depend on the Yamuna waters. With an annual flow of about 10,000 cubic billion metres (cbm) and usage of 4,400 cbm (of which irrigation constitutes 96 per cent), the river accounts for more than 70 per cent of Delhi’s water supplies. Just like the Ganges, the Yamuna too is highly venerated in Hinduism and worshipped as goddess Yamuna, throughout its course. In Hindu mythology, she is the daughter of Sun God, Surya, and sister of Yama, the God of Death, hence also known as Yami and according to popular legends, bathing in its sacred waters frees one from the torments of death.

Jumna (ship)

The Jumna, named after a tributary of the Ganges in northern India, was a 1,048 ton iron sailing ship built for the Nourse Line, by William Pile of Sunderland in 1867. She was 208.6 feet (63.6 m) long, 34.1 feet (10.4 m) wide and 20.1 feet (6.1 m) deep. The ship was used in the transport of Indian indentured labourers to the colonies, which was a speciality of the Nourse Line.

Voyages

Details of some of these voyages are as follows:

The 310 labourers she carried to Fiji in 1893 was the smallest number of passengers carried by any ship transporting Indian indentured labourers to Fiji.

On 22 December 1893, the Jumna transported 487 indentured labourers from the Volga (which had sunk) to Jamaica. In 1883 she repatriated 95 labourers back to India from St Lucia and another 137 in August 1892.

In 1898 Jumna was sold to Norwegian owners.

Famous passengers

See also

External links