John Arthur

John William Arthur OBE (born Glasgow, 1881, died Edinburgh, 1952) was a medical missionary and Church of Scotland minister who served in British East Africa (Kenya) from 1907 to 1937. He was known simply as "Doctor Arthur" to generations of Africans.

Early life and Education in Scotland

John William Arthur was the son of John W. Arthur, a Glasgow businessman of firm evangelical Christian convictions. Arthur wanted to be a missionary from an early age. He was educated at Glasgow Academy and Glasgow University from where he graduated with a Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery in 1903. He graduated with the Doctor of Medicine degree in 1906. He was ordained (following a special short course in theology) as a minister of the Church of Scotland in 1915 and was married in 1921.

Missionary Work in East Africa

Medical missionary

Arthur was appointed to the post of medical missionary at the Kikuyu Mission, British East Africa (Kenya), in 1906, arriving at the mission on 1 January 1907. He opened the mission's first hospital and became involved with its evangelistic and educational began work on the first school on the Kikuyu Mission Station within six weeks of his arrival in Kenya. One of the many Africans influenced by Arthur and the mission was Jomo Kenyatta, who was a student at the mission station school. It is a fact that Arthur performed surgery on Kenyatta, when the latter was still known as Johnstone Kamau. Kenyatta was a student in his early years in the mission, but the Church demanded that if he went on to secondary school that he should join the Church, but Kenyatta refused and became a clerk in Nairobi.In later years, Kenyatta regularly spoke warmly of the Kikuyu Mission station as the pioneer centre of Kenyan education.

John Arthur (philosopher)

John Arthur (September 22, 1946 – January 22, 2007) was an American professor of philosophy and an expert in legal theory, constitutional theory, social ethics, and political philosophy. He taught at the State University of New York at Binghamton for 18 years.

Early life and education

John Arthur, son of L. James Arthur and Elizabeth Gleason Arthur, grew up in Denver, Colorado. Arthur earned his bachelor's degree in philosophy and history at Cornell College and his master's degree in political sociology and PhD in philosophy at Vanderbilt University.

Academic career

In total, John Arthur spent time teaching at five colleges and universities, including Brandeis University, Harvard University, Tennessee State University, the College of Charleston and Lake Forest College.

From 1981–1988 Arthur taught at Tennessee State University. Finding the segregated conditions at TSU to be in violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the United States Constitution, he organized a biracial group to file suit against the State of Tennessee. The resulting settlement included a desegregation plan for the entire post-secondary education system of Tennessee and brought in millions of dollars to improve Tennessee State University. In 1989, soon after leaving Tennessee State University, Arthur published his first book, The Unfinished Constitution: Philosophy and Constitutional Practice. Arthur served as a fellow in law and philosophy at Harvard Law School from 1986–1988.

John Arthur (politician)

John Andrew Arthur (15 August 1875 – 9 December 1914) was an Australian politician and briefly Minister for External Affairs.

Arthur was born in Castlemaine, Victoria, son of a goldminer and spent his childhood in several Victorian goldmining towns. He won a state scholarship allowing him to attend Grenville College, Ballarat for three years. He graduated from the University of Melbourne with a Bachelor of Arts in 1895. He was a brilliant student and competed a Master of Arts in 1897, a Bachelor of Laws in 1898 and a Master of Laws in 1901. He became a tutor at Queen's College in logic and philosophy, political economy and history, and law and was admitted to the bar in 1903. He became a prominent lawyer in the new federal courts, especially the Commonwealth Court of Conciliation and Arbitration and represented the Agricultural Implement Makers' Union in the Harvester case which led to the basic wage concept that was the basis of wage setting in Australia until the 1990s.

John Arthur (rugby union)

John W. Arthur was a Scottish rugby football player.

Rugby career

John W. Arthur represented Scotland in 1871 in the first international match. He was capped again on the return fixture the following year. He also played for Glasgow Academicals.

Personal life and family

He was the brother of Allen Arthur who was also capped for Scotland.

References

John Arthur (boxer)

John Duncan Arthur (29 August 1929 – 19 May 2005) was a South African boxer who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics.

Amateur career

Won the Heavyweight bronze medal for South Africa at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London.

He was born in Springs, South Africa.

References

John Arthur (cricketer)

John Lake Allen Arthur (born 7 April 1847, in Longford, Tasmania) was a Tasmanian cricket player, who played first class cricket for Tasmania.

He was an opening batsman and a roundarm bowler which was the more common form of bowling at the time. Arthur represented Tasmania in three first-class matches, and a single game for a Rest of Australia side in 1872/73. Bizarrely, despite not normally playing as a wicket-keeper and never taking a single first-class catch, he did effect one first-class stumping whilst filling in as keeper. In the same match in the 1868-69 season he captained the Tasmanian side, although the match was lost and Tasmania were bowled out for just 18 in the first innings.

John Lake Allen Arthur died in his hometown of Longford, Tasmania on 26 April 1877, aged 30 years and 19 days.

See also

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References