Jijiga Zone

Fafan (Somali: Faafan) is one of nine zones of the Somali Region in Ethiopia. It was previously known as the Jijiga zone, so named after its largest city, Jijiga. Other towns and cities in this zone include Qarbibayax, Dhurwaale Awbere, Derwonaji, Tuli Gulled and Hart Sheik. Fafan is bordered on the south by Jarar, on the southwest by Nogob, on the west by the Oromia Region, on the north by Siti, and on the east by Somalia.

Demographics

Based on the 2007 Census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA), this Zone has a total population of 967,652, of whom 526,398 are men and 441,254 women. While 203,588 or 21.04% are urban inhabitants, a further 112,153 or 11.59% were pastoralists. Two largest ethnic groups reported in Jirjiga were the Somalis (95.6%) and Amhara (1.83%); all other ethnic groups made up 2.57% of the population. Somali language is spoken as a first language by 95.51%, Amharic by 2.1%, and Oromo by 1.05%; the remaining 1.34% spoke all other primary languages reported. 96.86% of the population said they were Muslim, and 2.11% said they practiced Orthodox Christian. There are three settlements in the zone for refugees from Somalia, with 40,060 registered individuals.

Jijiga

Jijiga (Somali: Jigjiga) is a city in eastern Ethiopia and the capital of the Somali Region of the country. Located in the Jijiga Zone approximately 80 km (50 mi) east of Harar and 60 km (37 mi) west of the border with Somalia, this city has an elevation of 1,609 meters above sea level.

The city is located on the main road between Harar and the Somalia city of Hargeisa. It has enjoyed postal service since 1923, and had telephone service by 1956. An asphalt and concrete road 170 kilometers in length connecting Jijiga with Degehabur was completed 14 November 2008 at a cost of over 230 million Birr. Jijiga is served by Jijiga Airport (Garaad Wiil-Waal Airport) (IATA: JIJ, ICAO: HAJJ).

Jijiga was a city of Hararghe province, but with the adoption of the 1995 Ethiopian constitution, it became the capital of the Somali Regional State.

History

Jijiga was mentioned by W.C. Barker in 1842 as one of the mahalla or halting-places of the caravan route between Zeila and Harar.

A British hunter Colonel Swayne passed through Jijiga in February 1893, which he described as a stockaded fort with a garrison of 25 men next to a group of wells. According to I. M. Lewis, Sayyid Mohammed Abdullah Hassan's men invaded Jijiga in March 1900. Although the attackers suffered heavy losses, which allowed the Ethiopian authorities to declare a victory, Sayyid Mohammed's men recovered livestock that the Ethiopians had taken from the Somalis and proved that his was a force to be reckoned with. However, Richard Pankhurst states that Jijiga was founded in 1916 by Fitawrari Tekle Hawariat Tekle Mariyam, who had the town methodically organized in a square grid of streets.

Jijiga (woreda)

Jijiga (Somali: Jigjiga) is one of the woredas in the Somali Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Jijiga Zone, Jijiga is bordered on the south by Kebri Beyah, on the southwest by Gursum, on the southeast by Ajersagora, on the north by the Shinile Zone, and on the northeast by Awbere. Towns and cities in Jijiga include Jijiga.

The average elevation in this woreda is 1803 meters above sea level. The only perennial rivers in this woreda are the Fafen and the Jerer. As of 2008, Jijiga has 80 kilometers of asphalt road and 60 kilometers of all-weather gravel road; about 34.1% of the total population has access to drinking water. The Karamara hills to the west of the city of Jijiga were thoroughly mined during the Ogaden War, and there are still dangerous areas which have been marked off limits.

Prior to the 2004 October referendum, which established the disputed boundary between the Oromia and Somali Regions, a large section in the north of this woreda became the Chinaksen woreda, which was transferred to the Oromia Region.

List of craters on Mars: H-N

This is a list of craters on Mars. There are hundreds of thousands of impact crater on Mars, but only some of them have names. This list here only contains named Martian craters starting with the letter H – N (see also lists for A – G and O – Z).

Large Martian craters (greater than 60 km in diameter) are named after famous scientists and science fiction authors; smaller ones (less than 60 km in diameter) get their names from towns on Earth. Craters cannot be named for living people, and small crater names are not intended to be commemorative - that is, a small crater isn't actually named after a specific town on Earth, but rather its name comes at random from a pool of terrestrial place names, with some exceptions made for craters near landing sites. Latitude and longitude are given as planetographic coordinates with west longitude.

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

See also

References

External links