Jainism

Jainism (/ˈnɪzəm/ or /ˈnɪzəm/), traditionally known as Jain dharma, is an ancient Indian religion that prescribes the path of Nonviolence (ahiṃsā) towards all living beings.Jain philosophy distinguishes the soul (consciousnesses) from the body (matter). Jains believe that all living beings are really soul; intrinsically perfect and immortal. Souls in transmigration (saṃsāra) are said to be embodied in the body like a prison and therefore, experience birth and death. Practitioners believe non-injury (ahimsa) and self-control are the means to liberation from the cycle of births and deaths. The liberated souls are worshipped as God in Jainism. Jain texts reject the idea of a creator or destroyer God and postulates an eternal universe.

Overview

Jain cosmology divides the worldly cycle of time into two parts or half-cycles. According to Jains, in every half-cycle of time, twenty-four tirthankaras grace this part of the Universe to teach the unchanging doctrine of right faith, right knowledge and right conduct. The word Tīrthankara signifies the founder of a tirtha, which means a fordable passage across a sea. The Tirthankara show the 'fordable path' across the sea of interminable births and deaths. Modern history records the existence of last tirthankara, Mahavira (6th century B.C.) and his predecessor Parshvanatha. Jain texts expound that Jainism has always existed and will always exist.

Jain (surname)

Jain is a surname of northern Indian origin. It is found in Rajasthan, Punjab and Haryana, and reflects the Jain religious community. Notable people with the surname include:

  • Abigail Jain, actor
  • Ajit Jain, businessman
  • Anand Jain, business executive
  • Anil K. Jain (disambiguation), multiple people with the name
  • Anjli Jain
  • Ankur Jain
  • Anshu Jain, financier
  • Bhagchandra Jain (born 1939), scholar
  • Bhavarlal Jain, industrialist
  • BM Jain, political scientist
  • Dipak C. Jain, business educator
  • Jainendra K. Jain, physicist
  • John Jain, reproductive endocrinologist
  • Kamini Jain, Olympic kayaker
  • Naveen Jain, Internet entrepreneur
  • Piyare Jain, physicist
  • Raj Jain (born 1951), computer science professor
  • Rakesh Jain
  • Ramesh Jain
  • S. Lochlann Jain, anthropologist
  • Sachin H. Jain
  • Sanjay Jain, economist
  • Sunny Jain
  • See also

  • Jain (disambiguation)
  • Jain vegetarianism

    Jain vegetarian diet is practiced by the followers of Jain culture and philosophy. It is one of the most rigorous forms of spiritually motivated diet on the Indian subcontinent and beyond. The Jain cuisine is completely vegetarian and also excludes onions, potatoes, brinjals (eggplants) and garlic, similar to the shojin-ryori Buddhist cuisine of Japan.

    The strictest forms of Jain diet is practiced by the ascetics; in addition to potatoes it may exclude other root vegetables. This food is called sattvic, which means that it is based on the qualities of goodness, lightness and happiness. On the other hand, onions, eggplant and garlic are considered "tamasic" as they are believed to have a quality of darkness, lethargy and a putrid smell.

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