John Edward Gray

John Edward Gray, FRS (12 February 1800 – 7 March 1875) was a British zoologist. He was the elder brother of zoologist George Robert Gray and son of the pharmacologist and botanist Samuel Frederick Gray (1766–1828).

Gray was Keeper of Zoology at the British Museum in London from 1840 until Christmas 1874, before the Natural History holdings were split off to the Natural History Museum. He published several catalogues of the museum collections that included comprehensive discussions of animal groups as well as descriptions of new species. He improved the zoological collections to make them amongst the best in the world.

Biography

Gray was born in Walsall, but his family soon moved to London, where Gray studied medicine. He assisted his father in writing The Natural Arrangement of British Plants (1821). After being blackballed by the Linnean Society he turned his interest from botany to zoology. He began his zoological career by volunteering to collect insects for the British Museum at age 15. He officially joined the Zoological Department in 1824 to help John George Children catalog the reptile collection. In 1840 he took over from Children as Keeper of Zoology, which he continued for 35 years, publishing well over 1000 papers. He named many cetacean species, genera, subfamilies, and families.

Jōe

Jōe (浄衣) (sometimes translated from Japanese as "pure cloth") is a garment worn in Japan by people attending religious ceremonies and activities, including Buddhist and Shinto related occasions. The jōe is essentially a white kariginu, traditional hunting robes worn by nobles during the Heian period.

Not only Shinto and Buddhist priests can be found wearing Jōe at rituals, but laymen as well, for example when participating in pilgrimage such as the Shikoku Pilgrimage. The garment is usually white or yellow and is made of linen or silk depending on its kind and use.

The Shinto priest who wears the jōe is attired in a peaked cap called tate-eboshi, an outer tunic called the jōe proper, an outer robe called jōe no sodegukuri no o, an undergarment called hitoe, ballooning trousers called sashinuki or nubakama, and a girdle called jōe no ate-obi. He can carry a ceremonial wand called haraegushi or another called shaku, as in the photo.

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Documentary hypothesis

The documentary hypothesis (DH), sometimes called the Wellhausen hypothesis, proposes that the Torah (the first five books of the Bible) was derived from originally independent, parallel, and complete narratives, which were subsequently combined into the current form by a series of redactors. The number of these narratives is usually set at four, but the precise number is not an essential part of the hypothesis.

As a form of historical criticism, the hypothesis was developed in the 18th and 19th centuries from the attempt to understand inconsistencies in the biblical text. By the end of the 19th century, it was generally agreed there were four main sources, combined into their final form by a series of redactors, R. These four sources came to be known as the Yahwist, or Jahwist, J (J being the German equivalent of the English letter Y); the Elohist, E; the Deuteronomist, D, (the name comes from the Book of Deuteronomy, D's contribution to the Torah); and the Priestly Writer, P.

TVA Nouvelles

TVA Nouvelles is the news division of TVA, a francophone broadcast television network in Canada.

Programs produced by the division include nightly local and national newscasts branded as TVA Nouvelles, as well as the news magazine series JE. The division also owns and operates the 24-hour news channel Le Canal Nouvelles.

Mornings

In the mornings, TVA Nouvelles airs as headline news segments during the network's breakfast television program Salut, Bonjour!. These segments are anchored by Georges Pothier weekdays, and Alexandre Dubé on weekends.

Noon

At noon, TVA Nouvelles airs for one hour weekdays and half an hour on weekends. Two weekday editions are produced, with Pierre Bruneau anchoring from Montreal for stations in western Quebec markets (Gatineau, Sherbrooke, Trois-Rivières and Rouyn-Noranda), and Pierre Jobin anchoring from Quebec City for stations in eastern Quebec (Carleton, Rimouski, Rivière-du-Loup and Saguenay). Both programs also have segments set aside for local inserts presented by local anchors.