Isocolon
Isocolon is a figure of speech in which a sentence is composed by two or more parts (cola) perfectly equivalent in structure, length and rhythm: it is called bicolon, tricolon, or tetracolon depending on whether they are two, three, or four.
A well-known example of tricolon is Julius Caesar's "Veni, vidi, vici" ("I came; I saw; I conquered).
The term is derived from the Greek ἴσος (ísos), "equal" and κῶλον (kôlon), "member, clause". The plural is '-cola' but in English may also be '-colons'.
Bicolon
An example of bicolon is the advertising slogan "buy one, get one" (you pay for one item but you get another free).
In Biblical poetry it is standard to see a pair of adjacent lines of poetry in which the second echoes the meaning of the first. This can be considered a bicolon. For example:
When Israel came out of Egypt, | Jacob from a people of foreign tongue,
Judah became God’s sanctuary, | Israel his dominion.
The sea looked and fled, | the Jordan turned back;
the mountains leaped like rams, | the hills like lambs.