Radical (Chinese characters)

A Chinese radical (Chinese: 部首; pinyin: bùshǒu; literally: "section header") is a graphical component of a Chinese character under which the character is traditionally listed in a Chinese dictionary. This component is often a semantic indicator (that is, an indicator of the meaning of the character), though in some cases the original semantic connection has become obscure, owing to changes in character meaning over time. In other cases, the radical may be a phonetic component or even an artificially extracted portion of the character.

The English term "radical" is based on an analogy between the structure of characters and inflection of words in European languages. Radicals are also sometimes called "classifiers", but this name is more commonly applied to grammatical classifiers (measure words).

History

In the earliest Chinese dictionaries, such as the Erya (3rd century BC), characters were grouped together in broad semantic categories. Because the vast majority of characters are phono-semantic compounds, combining a semantic component with a phonetic component, each semantic component tended to recur within a particular section of the dictionary. In the 2nd century AD, the Han dynasty scholar Xu Shen organized his etymological dictionary Shuowen Jiezi by selecting 540 recurring graphic elements he called bù (部 , "categories"). Most were common semantic components, but they also included shared graphic elements such as a dot or horizontal stroke. Some were even artificially extracted groups of strokes, termed "glyphs" by Serruys (1984, p. 657), which never had an independent existence other than being listed in Shuowen. Each character was listed under only one element, which is then referred to as the radical for that character. For example, characters containing 女 nǚ "female" or 木 mù "tree, wood" are often grouped together in the sections for those radicals.

Radical (mixtape)

Radical is a mixtape by the alternative hip hop collective, Odd Future. It was released on May 7, 2010. The mixtape features Odd Future members Tyler, The Creator, Hodgy Beats, Left Brain and Jasper Dolphin, as well as newly introduced members Earl Sweatshirt, Domo Genesis, Mike G and Taco rapping over some of their favorite beats.

Matt Martians, Frank Ocean and Syd tha Kyd, are the only musical members of Odd Future, who didn't appear on the mixtape. However, Sydney was involved in the recording and mastering process and contributes brief vocals on the track "Swag Me Out".

Track listing

References

External links

Radical 167

Radical 167 meaning "gold" or "metal" is 1 of 9 Kangxi radicals (214 radicals total) composed of 8 strokes. It also represents the Chinese family name, Jin, which is No. 29[1] of the Hundred Family Surnames.

In the Kangxi Dictionary there are 806 characters (out of 49,030) to be found under this radical.

In the Chinese Wu Xing ("Five Phases"), 金 represents the element Metal.

Characters with Radical 167

Literature

See also

Injustice

Injustice is a quality relating to unfairness or undeserved outcomes. The term may be applied in reference to a particular event or situation, or to a larger status quo. In Western philosophy and jurisprudence, injustice is very commonly, but not always, defined as either the absence or the opposite of justice.

The sense of injustice is a universal human feature, though the exact circumstances considered unjust can vary from culture to culture. While even acts of nature can sometimes arouse the sense of injustice, the sense is usually felt in relation to human action such as misuse, abuse, neglect, or malfeasance that is uncorrected or else sanctioned by a legal system or fellow human beings.

The sense of injustice can be a powerful motivational condition, causing people to take action not just to defend themselves but also others who they perceive to be unfairly treated.

Relationship with justice

Professor Judith Shklar has written that Western philosophers tend to spend much more time discussing the concept of 'justice' rather than 'injustice'. On the other hand, she states both historical writing and fiction use instances of injustice as subject matter far more often than justice.

Injustice: Gods Among Us

Injustice: Gods Among Us is a fighting video game based upon the fictional universe of DC Comics. The game was developed by NetherRealm Studios and published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment for the PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, and Wii U. It was released in April 2013 in North America, Europe, and Australia, and June 2013 in Japan. An expanded version of the game, titled Injustice: Gods Among Us Ultimate Edition, was released in November 2013 for the PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, PlayStation Vita, Xbox 360, and Microsoft Windows. A free-to-play mobile app based on Injustice was also released for Android and iOS devices.

Players select one of several characters from the DC Universe to engage in combat, aiming to knock out their opponent. The game is set in a 2.5D environment; while character models and backgrounds are rendered in three-dimensional graphics, the characters are restricted to fight within a two-dimensional space. Injustice builds upon several aspects from NetherRealm Studios' previous title, Mortal Kombat, including its controls, game mechanics, narrative-driven campaign, and online functionality.

Injustice (Malaysian TV series)

Injustice (血蝴蝶) is the 18th co-production of MediaCorp TV and ntv7. It was aired every Monday to Thursday, at 10:00pm on Malaysian Chinese language channel ntv7. This drama started airing on 23 August and ended on 4 October 2010. This will be the third Malaysian series to be screened on Channel U after The Thin Line and Addicted to Love when it debuts on 9 Nov 2012, weekdays at 6 pm.

Synopsis

Jian Shuman (Tiffany Leong) had a tough childhood growing up with a mentally-ill mother amid hardship and poverty after witnessing her father's tragic death from a fall which is believed to be caused by Zhao Shilin, boss of Zhao Ming Tea Company. Shuman and her friend Jingchun (Emily Lim) find work at the Zhao family's tea company in the sales department after catching the management's eye.

Shuman's childhood friend Lin Shunyuan (Zzen Zhang) is head of the packing and production department. By chance, he meets the spoiled Yutian (Chris Tong, the Zhaos' only daughter, and their relationship gets of on a disastrous start with both becoming each other's sworn enemies. After visiting her father's tea plantations in the Cameron Highlands, she begins to take life more seriously and stops treating Shunyuan like an enemy. She befriends Shuman and Jingchun and the trio become best friends. Shuman, who has been nursing a grudge against Zhao Shilin all these years, senses her chance to take revenge. To complicate things, a love triangle forms between her, Yutian and Shunyuan.