The city of Ica is the capital of the Ica Region in southern Peru. While the area was long inhabited by varying cultures of indigenous peoples, the Spanish conquistador Gerónimo Luis de Cabrera claimed its founding in 1563. As of 2005, it had an estimated population of over 219,856. The city suffered extensive damage and loss of life during the 2007 Peru earthquake.
The city is located on the Ica River about 300 km to the south of Lima, along the desert coast of southern Peru. Further south along the Pan-American Highway lies the city of Nazca.
In 2007, researchers found the fossil remains of a prehistoric penguin, Icadyptes salasi, which inhabited the Atacama Desert about 30 million years ago. Scientists estimate it was about 4.5 or five feet tall, with a foot-long beak.
Evidence of prehistoric indigenous civilizations has been found in the nearby deserts, such as that of Paracas. These included the Paracas and the Inca, the last of whom were a people who encountered the Spanish. Numerous pre-Columbian archeological artifacts are displayed in the Museo Regional de Ica.
Coordinates: 10°S 76°W / 10°S 76°W / -10; -76
Peru (i/pəˈruː/; Spanish: Perú [peˈɾu]; Quechua: Piruw [pɪɾʊw];Aymara: Piruw [pɪɾʊw]), officially the Republic of Peru (Spanish:
República del Perú ), is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is an extremely biodiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains vertically extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon Basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon river.
Peruvian territory was home to ancient cultures spanning from the Norte Chico civilization in Caral, one of the oldest in the world, to the Inca Empire, the largest state in Pre-Columbian America. The Spanish Empire conquered the region in the 16th century and established a Viceroyalty with its capital in Lima, which included most of its South American colonies. Ideas of political autonomy later spread throughout Spanish America and Peru gained its independence, which was formally proclaimed in 1821. After the battle of Ayacucho, three years after proclamation, Peru ensured its independence. After achieving independence, the country remained in recession and kept a low military profile until an economic rise based on the extraction of raw and maritime materials struck the country, which ended shortly before the war of the Pacific. Subsequently, the country has undergone changes in government from oligarchic to democratic systems. Peru has gone through periods of political unrest and internal conflict as well as periods of stability and economic upswing.
Peruvian wine is wine made in the South American country of Peru. Peruvian winemaking dates back to the Spanish colonization of the region in the 16th century.
Peru shares a similar climate with wine-producing country Chile, which is favourable for producing wine. In 2008, there were some 14,000 hectares (35,000 acres) of grape plantations in Peru, including table grapes, and some 610,000 hectolitres (13,000,000 imp gal; 16,000,000 US gal) of wine was produced, with an increasing trend in both plantations and wine production. Most vineyards are located on the central coast, around Pisco and Ica, where most of Peru's winemaking and distillation takes place.
Grape varieties cultivated include Albillo, Alicante Bouschet, Barbera, Cabernet Sauvignon, Grenache, Malbec, Moscatel, Sauvignon blanc and Torontel.
The first grapevines were brought to Peru shortly after its conquest by Spain. Spanish chroniclers from the time note that the first vinification in South America took place in the hacienda Marcahuasi of Cuzco. However, the largest and most prominent vineyards of the 16th and 17th century Americas were established in the Ica valley of south-central Peru. In the 1540s, Bartolomé de Terrazas and Francisco de Carabantes began vineyards in Peru. The latter established vineyards in Ica, which Spaniards from Andalucia and Extremadura used to introduce grapevines into Chile.
Perú is a village and rural locality (municipality) in La Pampa Province in Argentina.
Coordinates: 37°38′S 64°09′W / 37.633°S 64.150°W / -37.633; -64.150
[ VERSE 1 ]
With this mic in my hand I command the grand order
A physical man, I stand on land and water
Fire and wind, I transcend physical borders
My father is the son and the moon is his daughter
My mother the Earth, she gave birth to the seed
From a lifeless ball of clay, empty as a hollow reed
Until Allah breathed life into my physical frame
From a state of nothingness instead of existing I became
By God, the true and living given insight
Certain colors manifesting physical light
But still earthbound, held down by the physical elements
Spiritual development gives me a higher intelligence
Beyond these concrete streets and the green pastures
I walk with the elders, 24 supreme masters
They taught me time travel and how to master sound
Through ancient scriptures lost but now found
I'm like the intergalactic Asiatic star fighter
Creative rhyme writer, I meditate like a spider
Call me an old soul, psychedelic mic relic
Trained on a spiritual plane by angelic
Michael taught me to rock the mic well
Gabriel showed me how to read, write and spell
Rafael gave the forewarning
He said, "When you hear the trumpets blow you'll know new day's dawning"
So I sat with the Gods and for years we did the science
And when I stood up I realized that we were giants
I sat with the Gods and for years we did the science
And when I stood up I realized that we were giants
[ CHORUS ]
I'm not a gangster, I'm somethin closer to a monster
A Chi-town underground Boogie Down Bronxster
Remember when I stomped ya like in concert?
With the rugged raw I came, I saw and I conquered
I'm not a rapper, rappers get thrown away
Hardrocks get knocked and locked and blown away
And rap stars fade away and those who say
Don't know and those who know won't say
Runnin game we don't play and those who say
Don't know and those who know won't say
[ VERSE 2 ]
I was a mild child until I got influenced by the _Wild Style_
Then I became the unclaimed son of Hussein
Society's blame, the whole world's afraid of me
Killin myself but I'm still in effect like slavery
When I was down I got stepped on, when I was up I got slept on
Like a sofa bed but still I kept on
Tryin to feed the masses like Jesus with a loaf of bread
Cut out the middle man and eliminate the overhead
Step off the jock and let my record rock
Like the shepherd who lead the flock, the one who kept it locked
The keeper of the style who kept the cheeba in the isle
I took a walk through thought and ran deeper than a mile
I get down, cover ground, make my mic sound nice
Take aim, hit the map and rap around the world twice
I'm so precise it's frightening, I'm like lightning
Strikin in the same place twice with the mic device
When I drop this hip-hop on your ear
Put the microphone in a shop for repair
It might require surgery, re-wire the circuitry
In the event of an actual emergency
We'll interrupt your program to keep you informed
The forecast calls for severe brainstorms
When I shoot the gift I let my mind drift like the contintents
After the show I'm unavailable for comments
[ CHORUS ]
[ VERSE 3 ]
I'm a byproduct of the viaduct who struck out in response to
What you did was created a monster
I wasn't expected to survive but I did
You're feelin my vibe? Well I'm still alive cause I hid
Deep in the cut where we sleep in a hut
On the bare floor near the door we drank from the same cup
And all ate from the same plate, that's how I came up
I rode the train for fame and got my name up
Stayin I reign permanent when I shoot my sperm in it
From the barrel to the earth up to the firmanent
I'm shinin like a ( ? ) the lion of Juda
On the Mountain Zion meditatin with the buddha
I looked to the sky, saw the mothership overpassin me
I felt my heart start to race with great ferocity
To see the holy Crystal City in his chastity
Sat down at the throne of His Majesty
With 144'000 seat capacity
I heard the prophecy, Babylon ending tragically
I speak emphatically even when mics are staticky
Flowin radically till things change dramatically
[ CHORUS ]
Yeah
You know?
Those who say don't know
and those who know won't say
So when you get through talkin and walkin your lips