Internal Revenue Service

The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is the revenue service of the United States federal government. The government agency is a bureau of the Department of the Treasury, and is under the immediate direction of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue. The IRS is responsible for collecting taxes and the administration of the Internal Revenue Code. It has also overseen various benefit programs, and enforces portions of the Affordable Care Act.

The first income tax was assessed in 1862 to raise funds for the American Civil War, with a rate of 3%. Today the IRS collects over $2.4 trillion each tax year. It processes around 234 million tax returns annually.

History

American Civil War (1861–65)

In July 1862, during the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln and Congress created the office of Commissioner of Internal Revenue and enacted a temporary income tax to pay war expenses (see Revenue Act of 1862). The position of Commissioner exists today as the head of the Internal Revenue Service.

IRS4

Insulin receptor substrate 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IRS4 gene.

IRS4 encodes the insulin receptor substrate 4, a cytoplasmic protein that contains many potential tyrosine and serine/threonine phosphorylation sites. Tyrosine-phosphorylated IRS4 protein has been shown to associate with cytoplasmic signalling molecules that contain SH2 domains. The IRS4 protein is phosphorylated by the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase upon receptor stimulation.

Interactions

IRS4 has been shown to interact with CRK and NISCH.

References

Further reading


IRS1

Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) is a signalling adapter protein that in humans is encoded by the IRS-1 gene. It contains a single pleckstrin homology (PH) domain at the N-terminus and a PTB domain ca. 40 residues downstream of this. Together with IRS2, IRS3 (pseudogene) and IRS4, it is homologous to the Drosophila protein chico, whose disruption extends the median lifespan of flies up to 48%. Similarly, Irs1 mutant mice experience moderate life extension and delayed age-related pathologies.

Function

Insulin receptor substrate 1 plays a key role in transmitting signals from the insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptors to intracellular pathways PI3K / Akt and Erk MAP kinase pathways.

Tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptors or IGF-1 receptors, upon extracellular ligand binding, induces the cytoplasmic binding of IRS-1 to these receptors, through its PTB domains. Multiple tyrosine residues of IRS-1 itself are then phosphorylated by these receptors. This enables IRS-1 to activate several signalling pathways, including the PI3K pathway and the MAP kinase pathway.

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  • by Guns N' Roses

Irs

by: Guns N' Roses

Love, is it true
What they say of you?
Gonna call the president
Gonna call a private eye
Gonna get the IRS
Gonna need the FBI
There's not anymore that I can do
All the reasons that you give, I follow you
So when you lead them in
That'll be the end of time, it's true
Wouldn't be the first time I've been wrong
Wouldn't be the last I'm sure, I've known
With all the rumors I can tell
Some things didn't work so well
Well, anyway, it feels the same
When you first told me you were gone
So long ago but I still held on
Through all the emotions that I've had to take
And that's the truth, and here's the worst yet
Wouldn't even matter the things that I say
You've made your mind up and gone anyway
And there's no use now in dragging it on
Should've seen it coming all along
Well, it's true, oh I had
My doubts of you
Gonna call the president
Gonna call myself a Private Eye
Gonna need the IRS
Gonna get the FBI
Gonna make this a federal case
Gonna wave it right down in your face
Read it baby, with your morning news
With a sweet hangover and the headlines too, now
Ah, ah
I bet you think I'm doing this all for my health
I should've looked again then at somebody else
Feeling like I've done way more than wrong
Feeling like I'm living inside of this song
Feeling like I'm just too tired to care
Feeling like I've done more than my share
Could've been the way that I carried on
Like a broken record for so long and I do, oh oh
I'm gonna call the president
I'm gonna call a Private Eye
Gonna get the IRS
Gonna need myself the FBI
Ooh, what shall I do
If I gave my heart to you?
It's such a crime, you know it's true
Gonna call the president
Gonna need myself a Private Eye
Ooh, gonna need the IRS
Gonna get the FBI
Gonna make it a federal case
Gonna wave it right down in your face
Read it baby, with your morning news
With the sweet hangover and the headlines too




Latest News for: irs

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... (IR) of scheme portfolio on their website along with performance disclosure on a daily basis ... The IR disclosure will be applicable only for equity oriented schemes, it said.

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Direct File, the IRS’ free tax filing program, has expanded to 25 states for 2025. But the program's future remains uncertain amid Republican scrutiny ... .

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With a new IRS Commissioner likely on the way in, IRS Commissioner Danny Werfel has announced that he is leaving the agency on January 20, 2025 ... .

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IRS Commissioner Danny Werfel said he would resign with nearly three years left in his term, leaving the government Monday ...

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