IPS/UPS

The IPS/UPS is a wide area synchronous transmission grid of some CIS countries with a common mode of operation and centralized supervisory control. It has an installed generation capacity of 300 gigawatts, and produces 1,200 terawatt-hours (TWh) per year for its 280 million customers. The system spans eight time zones.

History

The creation of the unified power system started in 1956 by interconnecting the power systems of Center and Middle Volga. By 1978, the unified power system included all of the Soviet Union, excluding Central Asia. In addition, in 1979–1993 the power systems of Poland, German Democratic Republic, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria, now part of the synchronous grid of Continental Europe (ENTSO-E), operated synchronously with the Unified Power System of USSR. Central Asian countries (excluding Turkmenistan) were included to the integrated system in 2001. In 2009, Uzbekistan disconnected from the system resulting also in the disconnection of Tajikistan.

IPS

IPS, ips, or iPS may refer to:

Computing

Education

Medicine

Organizations

International

Ips (beetle)

Ips is a genus of beetles in the family Curculionidae, the true weevils. They are bark beetles, members of the subfamily Scolytinae. Species are distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Some are known as introduced species in Australia and Africa. Many species are pests of forest trees, especially pines and spruces. They are known commonly as engraver beetles,ips engraver beetles, and pine engravers.

Description

Beetles of this genus are cylindrical in shape, 3 to 6.5 millimeters long, and reddish to black in color. The back end of the elytra is concave, and there is a ridge of 3 to 6 large spines on either side of the depression. The number and shape of the spines help to distinguish the species from one another. The genus is distinguished from other groups in the tribe Ipini by the flat, oval shape of the clubs at the tips of the antennae and by details of the concavity in the elytra and of the male genitalia.

The oblong white eggs are up to a millimeter long. The grub-like larvae are whitish with reddish heads and lack legs.

Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein

Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MAVS gene. The protein is also known by the names VISA (virus-induced signaling adapter), IPS-1 and Cardif. Aggregated MAVS forms protease resistant prion-like aggregates that activate IRF3 dimerization.

Function

Double-stranded RNA viruses are recognized in a cell type-dependent manner by the transmembrane receptor TLR3 or by the cytoplasmic RNA helicases MDA5 and RIGI. These interactions initiate signaling pathways that differ in their initial steps but converge in the activation of the protein kinases IKKA (CHUK) and IKKB (IKBKB; MIM 603258), which activate NFKB, or TBK1 and IKBKE (IKBKE), which activate IRF3. Activated IRF3 and NFKB induce transcription of IFNβ (IFNB1). For the TLR3 pathway, the intermediary molecule before the pathways converge is the cytoplasmic protein TRIF (TICAM1). For RIGI, the intermediary protein is mitochondria-bound MAVS.

UPS

UPS may refer to:

Companies and groups

Ups (debugger)

Ups is an open source source-level debugger developed in the late 1980s for Unix and Unix-like systems, originally developed at the University of Kent by Mark Russell. It supports C and C++, and Fortran on some platforms. The last beta release was in 2003.

Unlike more popular debugger stacks for modern Unix platforms, ups is completely self-contained — not merely a graphical front-end to lower-level debuggers like gdb (although some work has been done to make ups usable in that way). The ups user interface is built directly upon the X Window System and SunView, i.e. it does not use an intermediate widget toolkit such as Motif or GTK+.

See also

External links

References

Uninterruptible power supply

An uninterruptible power supply, also uninterruptible power source, UPS or battery/flywheel backup, is an electrical apparatus that provides emergency power to a load when the input power source, typically mains power, fails. A UPS differs from an auxiliary or emergency power system or standby generator in that it will provide near-instantaneous protection from input power interruptions, by supplying energy stored in batteries, supercapacitors, or flywheels. The on-battery runtime of most uninterruptible power sources is relatively short (only a few minutes) but sufficient to start a standby power source or properly shut down the protected equipment.

A UPS is typically used to protect hardware such as computers, data centers, telecommunication equipment or other electrical equipment where an unexpected power disruption could cause injuries, fatalities, serious business disruption or data loss. UPS units range in size from units designed to protect a single computer without a video monitor (around 200 volt-ampere rating) to large units powering entire data centers or buildings. The world's largest UPS, the 46-megawatt Battery Electric Storage System (BESS), in Fairbanks, Alaska, powers the entire city and nearby rural communities during outages.