The nadir (from Arabic: نظير / ALA-LC: naẓīr; meaning "opposite") is the direction pointing directly below a particular location; that is, it is one of two vertical directions at a specified location, orthogonal to a horizontal flat surface there. Since the concept of being below is itself somewhat vague, scientists define the nadir in more rigorous terms. Specifically, in astronomy, geophysics and related sciences (e.g., meteorology), the nadir at a given point is the local vertical direction pointing in the direction of the force of gravity at that location. The direction opposite of the nadir is the zenith.
Nadir also refers to the downward-facing viewing geometry of an orbiting satellite,[1] such as is employed during remote sensing of the atmosphere, as well as when an astronaut faces the Earth while performing an EVA.
The word is also used figuratively to mean the lowest point of a person's spirits,[2] or the quality of an activity or profession.[3]
The term nadir can also be used to represent the lowest point reached by a celestial body during its apparent orbit around a given point of observation. This can be used to describe the location of the Sun, but it is only technically accurate for one latitude at a time and only possible at the low latitudes. The sun is said to be at the nadir at a location when it is at the zenith at the location's antipode.
In western medicine, the term nadir is used to represent the lowest level of a red blood cell count while a patient is undergoing chemotherapy.[4] A diagnosis of neutropenic nadir postchemotherapy typically lasts 7–10 days.[5]
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References [link]
- ^ McLaughlin, Richard J.; Warr, William H. (2001). "The Common Berthing Mechanism (CBM) for International Space Station". Society of Automotive Engineers. https://spacecraft.ssl.umd.edu/design_lib/ICES01-2435.ISS_CBM.pdf. Retrieved March 23, 2012.
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica. 1911. p. 149. https://encyclopedia.jrank.org/MOS_NAN/NADIR_Arabic_nadir_opposite_to_.html. Retrieved March 23, 2012.
- ^ Turner, Janice (December 1, 2007). "The lowest point in British journalism". The Times. Archived from the original on September 5, 2008. https://web.archive.org/web/20080905234436/https://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/columnists/janice_turner/article2980262.ece. Retrieved March 23, 2012.
- ^ "Bone marrow suppression". Chemotherapy Principles: An In-depth Discussion. American Cancer Society. https://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/TreatmentTypes/Chemotherapy/ChemotherapyPrinciplesAnIn-depthDiscussionoftheTechniquesanditsRoleinTreatment/chemotherapy-principles-chemo-side-effects-bone-marrow-suppression. Retrieved March 23, 2012.
- ^ Le, Tao; Bhushan, Vikas; Skapik, Julia (2007). First Aid For The USMLE Step 2 CK (6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Medical. p. 479. ISBN 9780071487955. https://books.google.ca/books?id=ppEG-KuGMdoC&lpg=PP1&pg=PA479#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved March 23, 2012.
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Nadir (disambiguation)
The nadir is a low or downward point of reference.
Nadir may also refer to:
See also
Nadir (web portal)
Nadir.org is a German web portal, based in Hamburg. It sees itself as "an information system to leftist politics and social movements in the internet". It is one of the oldest German organisations of left groups and for initiatives-based websites. Since 2006, new entries were largely adjusted and a manifesto against retention was published in October 2008. Gradually, it was replaced by the open information platform indymedia. Topics included were anti-fascism, anti-racism and work against sexism.
In particular, the magazines Radikale Zeiten, the "Rote Hilfe Zeitung", Gegendruck, Zeck and Interim were collected electronically.
The term "nadir" means "a point to which a central perspective in an infinitely long distance converges", in the Arabic language "a vanishing point at infinity".
Assessment of the constitutional protection of North Rhine-Westphalia
The Hamburg-based news portal was used, according to the Annual Report of the State Office for the Protection of North Rhine-Westphalia 2004, by left-wing extremists and is referred to as "the oldest left-wing extremist portal".
Podcasts:
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by Evereve
A New Winter
by: Evereve"Don`t care. It won`t change anything.
Perhaps i
don`t care, but it`s not that easy to be sure
when
your laughter still resounds in my ears.
"Don`t
care. Today i look at you through other eyes
more and more it seems to be sure i was
blinded.
Verdammtes leiden, saures lieben,
Verdammt das leben, dessen Schem
Verschwand, stillschweigend aber stetig,
Um nunmehr stumppes Nichts zu sein
Verdammt die Traume, die ich hatte
Heut noch nab`und haben verge
Sie sind nun schal, was ubrigblied
Sind stille Tranen auf der Erde
"Fur Hoffnung 1st es me zu spat-"
Dacht`ich - Doch was 1st mir geblieben?
Wo 1st die
Hoffnung wo das licht?
Wo der Frubling nach langem Winter,
Der nun das graue Eis zerbricht?