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Spyro (series) | |
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305px Logo used for The Legend of Spyro trilogy series. |
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Genres | Platform (Original series & Skylanders) Action (The Legend of Spyro) |
Developers | Insomniac Games (1998-2000) Digital Eclipse (2001-2003) Check Six Games (2002) Equinoxe (2002) Vicarious Visions (2004, 2011-present) Eurocom (2004) Amaze Entertainment (2005-2007) Krome Studios (2006-2007) The Mighty Troglodytes (2006-2008) Étranges Libellules (2008) Toys For Bob (2011-present) |
Publishers | Sony Computer Entertainment (1998-2000) Universal Interactive Studios (1998-2003) Konami (2002-2004) (Japan) Vivendi Universal Games (2004-2008) Sierra Entertainment (2005-2008) Activision (2008-present) |
Creators | Mark Cerny Charles Zembillas Ted Price Alex Hastings Brian Hastings Craig Stitt |
Platform of origin | PlayStation |
Official website | https://lair.spyrothedragon.com/splash/ |
Spyro the Dragon is a action/platform game series starring the video game character Spyro, which was originally published by Sony Computer Entertainment and developed by Insomniac Games for the PlayStation.
The first game was a huge success and after three games on the original PlayStation, Insomniac Games went on to create the Ratchet & Clank series while Spyro was left in the hands of Universal Interactive Studios (now as Vivendi Universal Games). The rights of this franchise are now owned by Activision.
The series now has thirteen games in total with many sequels and spin-off games following on later consoles.
The Spyro series has sold more than 20 million units worldwide.[1]
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1998 – PlayStation, PlayStation Network |
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1999 – PlayStation, PlayStation Network |
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2000 – PlayStation, PlayStation Network |
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2002 – PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube |
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2004 – PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube, Xbox |
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2005 – Nintendo DS |
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2006 – PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube, Xbox, Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS |
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2007 – PlayStation 2, Nintendo DS, Game Boy Advance, Nintendo Wii |
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2008 – PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Nintendo DS, Nintendo Wii |
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2011 – PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Mac, Windows, Nintendo 3DS, Wii |
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2012 – Wii |
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2001 – Game Boy Advance |
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2002 – Game Boy Advance |
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2003 – Game Boy Advance |
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2004 – Game Boy Advance |
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Spyro: Ripto Quest
2004 – Symbian, Java |
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2011 – Web |
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2012 – iOS |
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The main character of the series is Spyro the Dragon, an eager, purple dragon. He is accompanied by Sparx, a dragonfly that performs many functions such as helping protect Spyro from damage, and collecting gems.
The Dragon Realms are the main setting of the series where most of the dragons including Spyro live. Avalar is a separate world that was being threatened by Ripto in "Spyro: Ripto's Rage." The Forgotten Realms are the ancient home of the dragons before being driven out by the Sorceress and serve as the setting for Spyro: Year of the Dragon.The Fairy Realms are a separate series of realms that are inhabited by fairies and only appear in Spyro: Season of Ice.
In The Legend of Spyro Series, the Dragon Temple was an ancient temple located not far from the swamp where Spyro was raised. It is used by the Guardians to train young dragons. In Dawn of the Dragon the temple was torn from the ground and suspended above the land by Malefor as a symbol of his dominance and was later destroyed by the Belt of Fire.
In the Skylanders series, Skylands is the main setting of the series, a world lying at the very center of the universe where Spyro now calls home after joining a group of heroes known as the Skylanders.
A large part of the original series revolves around item collection. When the player collects a certain amount of items, they can move on to the next area. The most common of these are gems, which is often used not only for collecting, but also for buying skills, passageways, items, and more. In A Hero's Tail there were special dark gems, which the player had to destroy to proceed to new areas within the game, while collecting light gems allowed use of some of the professor's inventions and opened certain doors.
Freeing dragons is the main goal in Spyro the Dragon, while freeing dragon eggs is the main goal in Spyro: Year of the Dragon. In Spyro the Dragon, dragon eggs are also collected by chasing down thieves. They also appear in Spyro: A Hero's Tail, and collecting them will unlock concept art. Orbs are the primary goal in Spyro 2: Ripto's Rage, as the devices are used in a portal to get Spyro back to his home. Dragonflies are the primary collectibles in Spyro: Enter the Dragonfly where Spyro catches them using his bubble breath.
In the Legend of Spyro series, gems are used as powerups themselves; Red are collected to fill up Spyro's health bar, green are used to power his breath attacks, purple to power his fury attacks, and blue to upgrade his abilities in the main menu. In The Eternal Night, Dragon Relics are collectibles used to upgrade Spyro's health and magic bars, while Scriber's Quills are collectible items used to unlock concept art. Dragon Armor are collectibles in Dawn of the Dragon used to give Spyro and Cynder additional abilities in combat.
On October 25, 2007, it was announced that the film rights for Spyro the Dragon had been purchased by The Animation Picture Company.[6] Daniel and Steven Altiere wrote the script, which was going to be based on the recently released The Legend of Spyro trilogy. The film was going to be titled The Legend of Spyro 3D and was planned to be made from Los Angeles, California, with animation from by a South Korean Animation studio, Wonderworld Studios, alongside Universal Animation Studios. The film was planned to be produced by John Davis, Dan Chuba, Mark A.Z. Dippé, Brian Manis and Ash Shah, and distributed and advertised by Velvet Octopus along with Universal Studios. Mark Dippe was going to direct the film. This film was originally planned for released in theaters on Christmas 2009 for the United States and Canada, but it was delayed to April 10, 2010 for its North American release. But however, that was proven to be false. It was later confirmed by Daniel Altiere himself that the movie had been officially cancelled due to decisions made by Activision, starting with The Legend of Spyro: Dawn of the Dragon.[7] That direction in which Activision decided to take was later on revealed on February 2011, to be in the form of Skylanders: Spyro's Adventure, which is the second reboot of the Spyro series.
Stewart Copeland, the drummer of the band The Police, composed the soundtracks for the first four Spyro games. The score for Spyro the Dragon was given high praise for its originality, portraying oriental/fantasy-like themes for the Dragon Worlds.
Copeland made music for each world in the games as well as music devoted to each level, giving them each their own feel according to the natural surroundings, architecture and inhabitants of the place. For example, in Spyro the Dragon the Artisan's world of shepherds, sheep, medieval towers and endless green knolls has an oriental-sounding mixture of bells and drums (Listen) whereas the Beast Makers' midnight swamp has a solid rhythm. It is the stage for all kinds of sounds, including strange vocals and exotic instruments in styles from all over the world.
In Spyro 2: Ripto's Rage!, a song by a British New Age composer Medwyn Goodall called "Free Spirit" from his 2001 album Meditations and Visualisations was featured in the game. It was used as a background music for the Summer Forest level.
Kneubuhl and Mann, previously members of the a cappella band Spiralmouth who also composed musical pieces for Crash Twinsanity and Crash Tag Team Racing from Spyro's companion franchise Crash Bandicoot, composed many of the musical pieces for each game of The Legend of Spyro trilogy. Kneubuhl and Mann have also performed songs with lyrics which are based on the protagonist's bonds with his closest allies, such as "This Broken Soul" in The Eternal Night, and "Guide You Home (I Would Die for You)" in Dawn of the Dragon.
Famed Hollywood film soundtrack artist Hans Zimmer composed only the main theme of Skylanders: Spyro's Adventure, while Lorne Balfe composed the remaining soundtrack.
Game | GameRankings | Metacritic |
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Spyro the Dragon | (PS1) 86.59%[8] | - |
Spyro 2: Ripto's Rage! | (PS1) 86.57%[9] | - |
Spyro: Year of the Dragon | (PS1) 90.61%[10] | (PS1) 91[11] |
Spyro: Enter the Dragonfly | (PS2) 55.43%[12] (GC) 47.16%[13] |
(PS2) 56[14] (GC) 48[15] |
Spyro: A Hero's Tail | (PS2) 65.76%[16] (GC) 65.08%[17] (Xbox) 63.95%[18] |
(Xbox) 64[19] (GC) 62[20] (PS2) 60[21] |
Spyro: Shadow Legacy | (NDS) 53.64%[22] | (NDS) 50[23] |
The Legend of Spyro: A New Beginning | (Xbox) 71.27%[24] (NDS) 68.22%[25] (GC) 67.17%[26] (PS2) 64.52%[27] (GBA) 44.67%[28] |
(Xbox) 69[29] (NDS) 68[30] (GC) 67[31] (PS2) 64[32] (GBA) 44[33] |
The Legend of Spyro: The Eternal Night | (GBA) 81.75%[34] (Wii) 62.06%[35] (PS2) 58.64%[36] (NDS) 56.33%[37] |
(GBA) 80[38] (Wii) 60[39] (NDS) 56[40] (PS2) 54[41] |
The Legend of Spyro: Dawn of the Dragon | (Wii) 65.09%[42] (X360) 63.75%[43] (NDS) 60.60%[44] (PS2) 59.00%[45] (PS3) 58.10%[46] |
(Wii) 64[47] (X360) 62[48] (PS3) 59[49] (NDS) 57[50] |
Skylanders: Spyro's Adventure | {{{gr11}}} | {{{mc11}}} |
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Hunter is a 2015 film directed by Gregory Hatanaka and starring Ron Becks with Magda Marcella, Kristine DeBell, George Lazenby and Laurene Landon. It follows the exploits of a veteran cop who must hunt down a cop killer as well as a female teenage serial killer.
Watchers is a secret organization that watches the Immortals in Highlander: The Series and all subsequent related series and movies.
They were introduced in the season 1 finale as a cliffhanger for the subsequent season. Since then, they became an integral part of the series and Duncan MacLeod's adventures.
In "The Watchers", Joe Dawson explains the purpose of the Watchers to Duncan MacLeod: "For as long as your kind's been around, we've been watching ... We observe, we record, but we never interfere... Too much of man's history has been lost. When you get through all of life's crap, the only thing that matters is the truth. We want the truth about Immortals to survive, not a bunch of old wives' tales... If we had revealed your secret in more superstitious times, you can imagine the witch hunts... And today... You'd probably end up on page three in one of those supermarket rags next to the two-headed monkey and I'd've been in a straight jacket."
The Watchers is a secret society of mortal humans that observes the lives of the Immortals without revealing themselves. While the Watchers seem to have the resources to function independently, there are Watchers like Joe Dawson who run their own businesses to provide a cover as well as income. Each Immortal is assigned a Watcher whose sole job is to monitor and record daily activities. The network of Watchers generally keeps careful tabs on subjects and tracks even the casual movements of the Immortals. Most Immortals are unaware of the Watchers. The organization was created by Ammaletu, the Akkadian, after he saw Gilgamesh coming back to life. In early episodes all Watchers wore a medallion of the symbol of their organization. In later episodes, each Watcher has the symbol tattooed on the inner wrist.
An axiom or postulate as defined in classic philosophy, is a statement (in mathematics often shown in symbolic form) that is so evident or well-established, that it is accepted without controversy or question. Thus, the axiom can be used as the premise or starting point for further reasoning or arguments, usually in logic or in mathematics The word comes from the Greek axíōma (ἀξίωμα) 'that which is thought worthy or fit' or 'that which commends itself as evident.'
As used in modern logic, an axiom is simply a premise or starting point for reasoning. Whether it is meaningful (and, if so, what it means) for an axiom, or any mathematical statement, to be "true" is a central question in the philosophy of mathematics, with modern mathematicians holding a multitude of different opinions.
As used in mathematics, the term axiom is used in two related but distinguishable senses: "logical axioms" and "non-logical axioms". Logical axioms are usually statements that are taken to be true within the system of logic they define (e.g., (A and B) implies A), while non-logical axioms (e.g., a + b = b + a) are actually substantive assertions about the elements of the domain of a specific mathematical theory (such as arithmetic). When used in the latter sense, "axiom", "postulate", and "assumption" may be used interchangeably. In general, a non-logical axiom is not a self-evident truth, but rather a formal logical expression used in deduction to build a mathematical theory. As modern mathematics admits multiple, equally "true" systems of logic, precisely the same thing must be said for logical axioms - they both define and are specific to the particular system of logic that is being invoked. To axiomatize a system of knowledge is to show that its claims can be derived from a small, well-understood set of sentences (the axioms). There are typically multiple ways to axiomatize a given mathematical domain.
Axiom is a free, general-purpose computer algebra system. It consists of an interpreter environment, a compiler and a library, which defines a strongly typed, mathematically (mostly) correct type hierarchy.
Two computer algebra systems named Scratchpad were developed by IBM. The first one was started in 1965 by James Greismer at the request of Ralph Gomory, and written in Fortran. The development of this software was stopped before any public release. The second Scratchpad, originally named Scratchpad II, was developed from 1977 on, at Thomas J. Watson Research Center, under the direction of Richard Dimick Jenks. Other key early developers were Barry Trager, Stephen Watt, James Davenport, Robert Sutor, and Scott Morrison.
Scratchpad II was renamed Axiom when IBM decided, circa 1990, to make it a commercial product. A few years later, it was sold to NAG. In 2001, it was withdrawn from the market and re-released under the Modified BSD License. Since then, the project's lead developer has been Tim Daly.