Hull Kingston Rovers

Hull Kingston Rovers (also known as Hull KR) is an English professional rugby league football club based in Hull, England. The club formed in 1882 and currently competes in Super League, having won promotion from National League One in 2006. Hull Kingston Rovers are one of two professional rugby league teams in the city along with Hull, who play in the western side of the city, while Hull KR are based in the eastern side at Craven Park. The River Hull is usually seen as the divide between the two clubs in the city. Hull KR's nickname is "the Robins" which originates from their traditional playing colours of red and white.

History

19th century

Hull Kingston Rovers began in 1882 when a group of apprentice boilermakers in the Hessle Road area of Hull came together to start a team, Kingston Amateurs. Their first ground was a piece of wasteland in Albert Street, the club started playing in the Hull and District League in the autumn of 1883. By 1885 Kingston Amateurs had played at three grounds, Albert Street, Anlaby Road and finally Chalk Lane. The club name was also changed to Kingston Rovers as they entered the Times Cup in the 1885-86 season. A number of clubs joined the league and the club entered the new Hull and District Rugby Union Cup, losing to Hull A in the final. The club won its first trophy in the 1887-88 season by winning the Times Cup, beating Selby A in the final. The Rovers moved to their fourth ground, down Hessle Road.

Hull

Hull may refer to:

Structures

Places

England

Hull (Godalming cricketer)

Hull (first name and dates unknown) was an English first-class cricketer associated with Surrey and Godalming Cricket Club who was active in the 1820s and is recorded in two matches in 1821, totalling 35 runs with a highest score of 13 and holding 4 catches.

References

Bibliography

Submarine hull

A light hull (casing in British usage) of a submarine is the outer non-watertight hull which provides a hydrodynamically efficient shape. The pressure hull is the inner hull of a submarine; this holds the difference between outside and inside pressure.

Submarine hull

Modern submarines are usually cigar-shaped. This design, already visible on very early submarines is called a "teardrop hull", and was patterned after the bodies of whales. It significantly reduces the hydrodynamic drag on the sub when submerged, but decreases the sea-keeping capabilities and increases the drag while surfaced.

History

The concept of an outer hydrodynamically streamlined light hull separated from the inner pressure hull was first introduced in the early pioneering submarine Ictineo I designed by the Catalan inventor Narcís Monturiol i Estarriol in 1859. However, when military submarines entered service in the early 1900s, the limitations of their propulsion systems forced them to operate on the surface most of the time; their hull designs were a compromise, with the outer hulls resembling a ship, allowing for good surface navigation, and a relatively streamlined superstructure to minimize drag under water. Because of the slow submerged speeds of these submarines, usually well below 10 knots (19 km/h), the increased drag for underwater travel by the conventional ship like outer hull was considered acceptable. Only late in World War II, when technology enhancements allowed faster and longer submerged operations and increased surveillance by enemy aircraft forced submarines to spend most of their times below the surface, did hull designs become teardrop shaped again, to reduce drag and noise. On modern military submarines the outer hull (and sometimes also the propeller) is covered with a thick layer of special sound-absorbing rubber, or anechoic plating, to make the submarine more difficult to detect by active and passive SONAR.