Duke of Northumberland

Duke of Northumberland is a noble title that has been created three times in English and British history, twice in the Peerage of England and once in the Peerage of Great Britain. The current holder of this title is Ralph Percy, 12th Duke of Northumberland.

1551 creation

The title was first created in the Peerage of England in 1551 for John Dudley, 1st Earl of Warwick. He had already been created Viscount Lisle in 1543 and Earl of Warwick in 1547, also in the Peerage of England. In 1553, Dudley advanced the claim of his daughter-in-law, Lady Jane Grey, to the English throne, but when she was deposed by Queen Mary I, Dudley was convicted of high treason and executed. An illegitimate son of one of his younger sons, Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, Sir Robert Dudley, claimed the dukedom when in exile in Italy. On 9 March 1620 the Emperor Ferdinand II officially recognised the title, an act which infuriated James I of England.

1683 creation

George FitzRoy, 1st Earl of Northumberland, an illegitimate son of king Charles II, was created Duke of Northumberland in the Peerage of England in 1683. He had already been created Baron of Pontefract, Viscount Falmouth and Earl of Northumberland in 1674, also in the Peerage of England. However, all the titles became extinct on his death in 1716 as he left no heirs.

Hugh Percy

Hugh Percy may refer to:

Hugh Percy (bishop)

Hugh Percy (29 January 1784 – 5 February 1856) was an Anglican bishop who served as Bishop of Rochester (1827) and Bishop of Carlisle (1827-56).

Life

Percy was born in London, the third son of Algernon, 1st Earl of Beverley by Isabella Susannah Burrell, second daughter of Peter Burrell and sister of Peter Burrell, 1st Baron Gwydyr. His mother was sister of Frances Julia Burrell, who married Hugh Percy, 2nd Duke of Northumberland.

Percy was educated at Eton College and St John's College, Cambridge, where he graduated MA 1805 and DD in 1825; he was admitted DD ad eundem at Oxford University in 1834.

Having taken holy orders, he married, on 19 May 1806, Mary, the eldest daughter of Charles Manners-Sutton, Archbishop of Canterbury, by whom in 1809 he was collated to the benefices of Bishopsbourne and Ivychurch, Kent. In 1810 he was appointed chancellor and a prebendary of Exeter, appointments he held until 1816. On 21 December 1812 he was installed as Canon Chancellor of Salisbury Cathedral. In 1816 he was collated by his father-in-law to a prebendal stall at Canterbury Cathedral and in the same year he received the stall of Finsbury at St Paul's Cathedral, which he held until his death. In 1822 he was appointed Archdeacon of Canterbury, and in 1825, on the death of Gerrard Andrewes, he was promoted as Dean of Canterbury Cathedral. While Dean of Canterbury he set in motion the repair of the interior of the cathedral. Two years later (15 July 1827), on the death of Walker King, he was consecrated Bishop of Rochester; after a few months' tenure, he was translated, on the death of Samuel Goodenough, to Carlisle. This bishopric he held till his death.

Hugh Percy, 2nd Duke of Northumberland

Lieutenant General Hugh Percy, 2nd Duke of Northumberland FRS (14 August 1742 – 10 July 1817) was an officer in the British army and later a British peer. He participated in the Battle of Lexington and Concord and the Battle of Long Island during the American Revolutionary War, but resigned his command in 1777 due to disagreements with his superior, General William Howe.

Born Hugh Smithson, he assumed the surname of Percy by Act of Parliament along with his father in 1750 and was styled Lord Warkworth from 1750 until 1766. He was styled Earl Percy from 1766, when his father was created Duke of Northumberland. He acceded to the dukedom in 1786.

Family

He was the son of Sir Hugh Smithson and Lady Elizabeth Seymour, heiress of the House of Percy. In 1750, upon the death of his maternal grandfather Algernon Seymour, 7th Duke of Somerset, his father became Earl of Northumberland and changed his name to Percy.

Early career

In 1759, he joined the British Army as a teenager and was a captain of the 85th Regiment of Foot by age 17, an achievement that demonstrated the power of wealth and family standing. He was, nonetheless, a good soldier and fought with distinction in 1759 at the battles of Bergen and Minden. In 1760, he went up to St John's College, Cambridge. Afterwards, he married Lady Anne Crichton-Stuart, daughter of Lord Bute, on 2 July 1764. In 1766, his father was granted a dukedom and he was styled Earl Percy. As a Member of Parliament and the son-in-law of Lord Bute, Percy was promoted to full colonel and appointed an aide-de-camp to the King in 1764, having barely reached his majority. Percy was in chronically poor health from gout and had poor eyesight. He was physically unattractive, being overly thin and having a large nose. Yet, "He was honorable and brave, candid and decent, impeccably mannered, and immensely generous with his wealth."

Northumberland

Northumberland (RP pronunciation /nɔːˈθʌmbələnd/local /nɔːˈθʊmbələnd/) is a county in North East England. The northernmost county of England, it borders Cumbria to the west, County Durham to the south and Scotland to the north. To the east is the North Sea coastline with a 64-mile (103 km) long distance path. The county town is Alnwick although the county council is located in Morpeth (for the moment, as there are plans to move it to nearby Ashington). The northernmost point of Northumberland and England is located at Marshall Meadows Bay.

The county of Northumberland included Newcastle upon Tyne until 1400, when the city became a county of itself. Northumberland expanded greatly in the Tudor period, annexing Berwick-upon-Tweed in 1482, Tynedale in 1495, Tynemouth in 1536, Redesdale around 1542 and Hexhamshire in 1572.Islandshire, Bedlingtonshire and Norhamshire were incorporated into Northumberland in 1844.Tynemouth and other settlements in North Tyneside were transferred to Tyne and Wear in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972.

Northumberland (Ontario electoral district)

Northumberland was a federal and provincial electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the Canadian House of Commons from 1917 to 1968 and from 1987 to 2003, ad in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1999 to 2007.

This riding was first created in 1914 from Northumberland East and Northumberland West ridings. It initially consisted of the county of Northumberland, excluding the township of Monaghan South. In 1947, South Monghan was added to the riding, so that it consisted of the county of Northumberland. It was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed between Northumberland—Durham and Prince Edward—Hastings ridings.

In 1976, Northumberland riding was recreated from parts of those two ridings. The new riding consisted of the County of Northumberland (including the Village of Hastings), but excluding the Township of Hope, the Town of Cobourg, and the part of the Township of Hamilton lying west of the Town of Cobourg and south of the Macdonald Cartier Freeway), and the Townships of Rawdon and Sidney (but excluding the city of Belleville) in the County of Hastings. In 1987, it was redefined to consist of the County of Northumberland and the City of Trenton.

Northumberland, New Hampshire

Northumberland is a town located in southwestern Coos County, New Hampshire, U.S., north of Lancaster. It is part of the Berlin, NH–VT micropolitan statistical area. As of the 2010 census, the town population was 2,288, a large portion in the village of Groveton.

History

North of the mountain ridge known as Cape Horn, near the Connecticut River, are the remains of Fort Wentworth, built by the New Hampshire Militia in 1755 during the French and Indian War. The town was granted as Stonington in 1761 to John Hogg and others by Governor Benning Wentworth, and first settled in 1767 by Thomas Burnside and Daniel Spaulding. It was regranted by Governor John Wentworth in 1771 as Northumberland, the name derived from Northumberland in England. The town was incorporated November 16, 1779.

Groveton is the northern terminus of a railroad track owned by the New Hampshire & Vermont Railroad, where it intersects the St. Lawrence & Atlantic Railroad. This was formerly the junction of the Grand Trunk Railway and the Boston, Concord & Montreal Railroad—a major point of access for the northern White Mountains.