Sweetness

Sweetness is one of the five basic tastes and is universally regarded as a pleasurable experience, except perhaps in excess. Foods rich in simple carbohydrates such as sugar are those most commonly associated with sweetness, although there are other natural and artificial compounds that are sweet at much lower concentrations, allowing their use as non-caloric sugar substitutes. Examples of foods that may be used as non-sugar sweet substitutes include saccharin, aspartame, acesulfame potassium, sucralose, xylitol, erythritol, and stevia. Other compounds, such as miraculin, may alter perception of sweetness itself.

The chemosensory basis for detecting sweetness, which varies between both individuals and species, has only begun to be understood since the late 20th century. One theoretical model of sweetness is the multipoint attachment theory, which involves multiple binding sites between a sweetness receptor and a sweet substance.

List of minor Buffy the Vampire Slayer characters

Buffy the Vampire Slayer is an American franchise which spans several media and genres. It began in 1992 with the film Buffy the Vampire Slayer, written by Joss Whedon and directed by Fran Rubel Kuzui, and was resurrected as the television series, Buffy the Vampire Slayer in 1997. The show's popularity caused it to spawn a multitude of Expanded Universe tie-in material such as comic books, novels, and video games, as well as a spin-off program entitled Angel. In 2007, four years after the television series' seventh and final season, Buffy the Vampire Slayer was officially continued in the comic book Season Eight. The following is a list of minor recurring characters who appear in the franchise.

A

Aluwyn

(a.k.a. Saga Vasuki)

Amanda

Amanda is a Potential Slayer who appears in Season Seven, played by Sarah Hagan. A Sunnydale High student and member of the swing choir, she first appears in the episode "Help" as part of the seemingly-random stream of students showing up at Buffy's guidance office. Amanda was sent to Buffy for beating up another student who was picking on her. In the later episode "Potential", it is revealed that Amanda is in fact a Potential Slayer, and she aptly slays a vampire who threatens her and Dawn. Afterwards, Amanda moves into the Summers' residence, where she trains and becomes friends with her fellow Potentials. In the final episode of the show, "Chosen", Amanda is activated as a Slayer along with the other Potentials and battles against an army of Turok-Han vampires. She is last seen falling to the ground dead after her neck was snapped by a Turok-Han. She was the first Potential to kill a vampire and the first one to kill a Turok-Han.

Sweet (Ken Mellons album)

Sweet is the fourth studio album released by American country music artist Ken Mellons. Released in 2004, it contains the song "Paint Me a Birmingham", which was also recorded by Tracy Lawrence and released as a single. Mellons's rendition was also released shortly before Lawrence's. "Smack Dab" was previously recorded by George Jones on his 1998 album It Don't Get Any Better Than This.

Track listing

Royal Thai Army Radio and Television Channel 5

Royal Thai Army Radio and Television Channel 5 (สถานีวิทยุโทรทัศน์กองทัพบก) is a terrestrial television station of the Royal Thai Army (RTA). It was the second television station in Thailand. It began broadcasting on 25 January 1958 in very high frequency (VHF).

History

Broadcast signals go through a network of 31 transmitters dotted around the country. Daily transmission is 24 hours, but regular programs begins at 05:00, ending at 03:00 the next day. Between 03:00 and 05:00 TV5 broadcasts teleshopping.

Channel 5 broadcasts in VHF on Channel 5 for analogue broadcasting and ultra high frequency (UHF) channel 36 for digital broadcasting.

Channel 5 is also available over TrueVisions on Channel 2.

Criticism and controversy

Channel 5 has been criticized in the past for not taking certain programming seriously and even taking some programs off the air without letting it finish the season run.

References

See also

RTA 408

RTA 408 is a second generation member of the synthetic oleanane triterpenoid compounds and currently in clinical development by Reata Pharmaceuticals. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that RTA 408 possesses antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities and the ability to improve mitochondrial bioenergetics. RTA 408 is currently under clinical investigation for a variety of indications, including Friedreich’s ataxia, mitochondrial myopathies, immunooncology, and prevention of corneal endothelial cell loss following cataract surgery.

Mechanism of action

The effects of RTA 408 and related synthetic triterpenoid compounds have been documented in over 200 peer-reviewed scientific manuscripts. The mechanism of action of RTA 408 and its related compounds has been demonstrated to be through a combination of activation of the antioxidative transcription factor Nrf2 and inhibition of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB.

Nrf2 transcriptionally regulates multiple genes that play both direct and indirect roles in producing antioxidative potential and the production of cellular energy (i.e., adenosine triphosphate or ATP) within the mitochondria. Consequently, unlike exogenously administered antioxidants (e.g., vitamin E or Coenzyme Q10), which provide a specific and finite antioxidative potential, RTA 408, through Nrf2, broadly activates intracellular and mitochondrial antioxidative pathways, in addition to pathways that may directly increase mitochondrial biogenesis (such as PGC1α) and bioenergetics.

RTA

RTA may refer to:

Media

Science and technology

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