Equestrianism

Equestrianism (from Latin equester, equestr-, equus, horseman, horse) more often known as riding, horseback riding (American English) or horse riding (British English) referring to the skill of riding, driving, steeplechasing or vaulting with horses. This broad description includes the use of horses for practical working purposes, transportation, recreational activities, artistic or cultural exercises, and competitive sport.

Overview of equestrian activities

Horses are trained and ridden for practical working purposes such as in police work or for controlling herd animals on a ranch. They are also used in competitive sports including, but not limited to, dressage, endurance riding, eventing, reining, show jumping, tent pegging, vaulting, polo, horse racing, driving, and rodeo. (See additional equestrian sports listed later in this article for more examples.) Some popular forms of competition are grouped together at horse shows, where horses perform in a wide variety of disciplines. Horses (and other equids such as mules and donkeys) are used for non-competitive recreational riding such as fox hunting, trail riding or hacking. There is public access to horse trails in almost every part of the world; many parks, ranches, and public stables offer both guided and independent riding. Horses are also used for therapeutic purposes, both in specialized paraequestrian competition as well as non-competitive riding to improve human health and emotional development.

Horseback (Comanche)

Horseback (Comanche, Tʉhʉyakwahipʉ "horse back") was a Nokoni Comanche chief.

Young man: warrior and war chief

In his prime, he made his career under the elder Huupi-pahati ("Tall Tree"), head chief of the Nokoni band, and Quenah-evah ("Eagle Drink"), second chief and later successor to Huupi-pahati himself possibly after the smallpox and cholera epidemics occurred in 1849; during the 1840s and 1850s he gained a good fame as a war leader against Comanche’s Indian enemies and a raider through Texas.

Diplomat and peaceful leader

In 1861, along with the Yamparika head chief Ten Bears (Pawʉʉrasʉmʉnunʉ) and the Penateka chiefs Tosahwi and Asa-havey ("Wolf's Road"), went to Fort Cobb where they met C.S.A. gen. Albert Pike, and the Comanche chiefs (including Quena-evah) signed for an allegiance with the Confederation. He became head chief of the Nokoni after Quena-evah's death, possibly in 1866.

Horseback signed for the Nokoni the Medicine Lodge Treaty (21/10/1867), emerging as the leader of the "paceful" faction of the band, but the second-ranking chief, Pearua-akupakup ("Big Red Meat" or "Red Food"), took the leadership of the uncompromising faction, and on the same "hostile" line was Tahka ("Arrowpoint"), war chief of Horseback's own party.