Hooliganism

Hooliganism is disruptive or unlawful behavior such as rioting, bullying, and vandalism.

Etymology

There are several theories regarding the origin of the word hooliganism, which is a derivative of the word hooligan. The Compact Oxford English Dictionary states that the word may have originated from the surname of a fictional rowdy Irish family in a music hall song of the 1890s. Clarence Rook, in his 1899 book, Hooligan Nights, wrote that the word came from Patrick Hoolihan (or Hooligan), an Irish bouncer and thief who lived in London. In 2015, it was said in the BBC Scotland TV programme The Secret Life of Midges that the English commander-in-chief during the Jacobite rising of 1745, General Wade, misheard the local Scots Gaelic word for midge—meanbh-chuileag—and coined the word hooligan to describe his fury and frustration at the way the tiny biting creatures made the life of his soldiers and himself a misery; this derivation may be apocryphal.

Early usage

The first use of the term is unknown, but the word first appeared in print in London police-court reports in 1894 referring to the name of a gang of youths in the Lambeth area of London—the Hooligan Boys, and later—the O'Hooligan Boys.

Hooligan (song)

"Hooligan" (released 8 November 1999) is a song by English rock band Embrace, which became their sixth Top 40 single (#18 in the UK), and the first from their second album Drawn From Memory. It is one of only two singles so far to be sung entirely by Richard (the other one being "One Big Family") rather than the band's lead singer Danny.

The song "I've Been Running" is featured on the B-sides compilation Dry Kids: B-Sides 1997-2005.

Track listing

Eulachon

The eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus), also oolichan, hooligan, ooligan, or candlefish, is a small anadromous ocean fish, a smelt found along the Pacific coast of North America from northern California to Alaska.

Etymology

The common names of this fish have a somewhat confusing relationship. The name "candlefish" derives from it being so fat during spawning, with up to 15% of total body weight in fat, that if caught, dried, and strung on a wick, it can be burned as a candle. This is the name most often used by early explorers. The name eulachon (occasionally seen as oolichan, oulachon, and uthlecan) is from the Chinookan language and the Chinook jargon based on that language. There is a theory that the term "hooligan" was influenced by "eulachon", rather than simply taken from the Irish surname.

The unrelated sablefish Anoplopoma fimbria is also called "candlefish" in the United Kingdom.

Species description

Eulachon are distinguished by the large canine teeth on the vomer bone and 18 to 23 rays in the anal fin. Like salmon and trout they have an adipose fin; it is sickle-shaped. The paired fins are longer in males than in females. All fins have well-developed breeding tubercles (raised tissue "bumps") in ripe males, but these are poorly developed or absent in females. Adult coloration is brown to blue on the back and top of the head, lighter to silvery white on the sides, and white on the ventral surface; speckling is fine, sparse, and restricted to the back. Adults can reach maximum lengths of 30 cm (1 ft) but most adults are between 15 to 20 cm (6 to 8 in.) They feed on plankton but only while at sea.

Embrace (non-profit)

Embrace is a non profit organization providing low-cost incubators to prevent neonatal deaths in rural areas in developing countries. The organization was developed in 2008 during the multidisciplinary Entrepreneurial Design For Extreme Affordability course at Stanford University by group members Jane Chen, Linus Liang, Rahul Panicker, Razmig Hovaghimian, and Naganand Murty.

Incubator

The Embrace infant warmer is a low-cost solution that maintains premature and low-birth-weight babies’ body temperature. The infant warmer is portable, safe, reusable, and requires only intermittent access to electricity. Each baby warmer is priced at approximately $25. The Embrace development team won the fellowship at the Echoing Green competition in 2008 for this concept. Embrace also won the 2007-2008 Business Association of Stanford Entrepreneurial Students Social E-Challenge competition grand prize. At a ceremony at BAFTA in London on December 3rd 2013 Jane Chen, Linus Liang, Naganand Murty and Rahul Panicker won an innovation award from the Economist. Embrace also partners with UniversalGiving to raise fund for its project, which is to provide the Embrace infant warmers in Kabul, Afghanistan.

Embrace (Boom Boom Satellites album)

Embrace is the eighth studio album by Japanese electronic/rock duo Boom Boom Satellites. Released on January 9, 2013, Embrace serves as the band's 15th anniversary release. Songs on the album include their single "Broken Mirror" and the song "Drifter", which was used in Sony's Xperia commercials. The album will also be sold in a deluxe edition that contains a DVD and a USB flash drive. JPU Records released the album in the UK, Europe and Russia on 2 September 2013. The CD version from JPU Records contained an exclusive remix of Snow.

To support the album, BBS are going on both a short pre-release party tour at Club Quattro locations in Shibuya, Tokyo; Umeda, Osaka; and Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture; and on a national tour following the album's release. The band will also livestream the final mastering of the album at New York City's Sterling Sound studio on Nico Nico Douga. The first promotional single from Embrace was a cover of the Beatles' "Helter Skelter", the duo's first ever cover song. This was followed by the release of another digital single of the track "Nine". In addition, album versions of previous promotional singles "Another Perfect Day" (released as a "Movie Edit") and "Drifter" (released as a "test run") are included on Embrace.

Embrace (American band)

Embrace was a short-lived post-hardcore band from Washington, D.C., which lasted from the summer of 1985 to the spring of 1986 and was one of the first bands to be dubbed in the press as emotional hardcore, though the members had rejected the term since its creation. The band included lead vocalist Ian MacKaye of Minor Threat with three former members of his brother Alec's band The Faith: guitarist Michael Hampton, drummer Ivor Hanson, and bassist Chris Bald. Hampton and Hanson had also previously played together in S.O.A. The only recording released by the quartet was their self-titled album Embrace being influenced by The Faith EP Subject to Change.

Following the breakup of Embrace, MacKaye rejoined former Minor Threat drummer Jeff Nelson to form Egg Hunt. Bald moved on to the band Ignition, and drummer Ivor Hanson paired up with Hampton again in 1992 for Manifesto.

During the band's formative years, some fans started referring to them and fellow innovators Rites of Spring as emocore (emotive hardcore), a term MacKaye publicly disagreed with.