Holy See

The Holy See (Latin: Sancta Sedes; Ecclesiastical Latin: [ˈsaŋkta ˈsedes]) is the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in Rome, the episcopal see of the Pope, and an independent sovereign entity. It serves as the central point of reference for the church everywhere and the focal point of communion due to its position as the pre-eminent episcopal see of the universal church. It traces its origin to the 1st century during the apostolic era, when Saint Peter arrived in Rome to evangelise and forming a significant early Christian community of believers there. Today, it is responsible for the governance of all Catholics, organised in their Particular Churches, Patriarchates and religious institutes.

As an independent sovereign entity, holding the Vatican City enclave in Rome as sovereign territory, it maintains diplomatic relations with other states. It is viewed as analogous to a state while administered by the Roman Curia (Latin for Roman Court), similar to a centralised government with the Cardinal Secretary of State as its chief administrator, and various dicasteries, comparable to ministries and executive departments.

Vatican City

Coordinates: 41°54′N 12°27′E / 41.900°N 12.450°E / 41.900; 12.450

The Vatican City (ⁱ/ˈvætᵻkən ˈsɪti/; Italian: Città del Vaticano [tʃitˈta del vatiˈkaːno]; Latin: Civitas Vaticana), officially the Vatican City State (Italian: Stato della Città del Vaticano;Latin: Status Civitatis Vaticanae), is a walled enclave and sovereign state within the city of Rome. With an area of approximately 44 hectares (110 acres), and a population of 842, it is the smallest internationally recognized independent state in the world by both area and population.

It is an ecclesiastical or sacerdotal-monarchical state ruled by the Bishop of Rome – the Pope. The highest state functionaries are all Catholic clergy of various national origins. Since the return of the Popes from Avignon in 1377, they have generally resided at the Apostolic Palace within what is now Vatican City, although at times residing instead in the Quirinal Palace in Rome or elsewhere.

Vatican City is distinct from the Holy See (Latin: Sancta Sedes), which dates back to early Christianity and is the main episcopal see of 1.2 billion Latin and Eastern Catholic adherents around the globe. The independent city-state, on the other hand, came into existence in 1929 by the Lateran Treaty between the Holy See and Italy, which spoke of it as a new creation, not as a vestige of the much larger Papal States (756–1870), which had previously encompassed much of central Italy. According to the terms of the treaty, the Holy See has "full ownership, exclusive dominion, and sovereign authority and jurisdiction" over the city-state.

Holy See (disambiguation)

A Holy See is the jurisdiction of a bishop that is not subordinate to the jurisdiction of another bishop of higher rank. Specifically, the term can refer to:

Crust (album)

Crust is the third full-length studio album by the Italian progressive death metal band Sadist, released in 1997 by Displeased Records. It was the first album to features lead singer Trevor and drummer Oinos, and was the band's first self-produced album. It features two Japanese bonus tracks which are cover songs; "Take on Me" after A-Ha and "Relax" from Frankie Goes to Hollywood. A music video was made for the song "'Fools' and Dolts".

Track listing

Japanese bonus tracks

Credits

Band members

Production

Sacred

Sacred means revered due to sanctity, is in general the state of being holy (perceived by religious individuals as associated with divinity) or sacred (considered worthy of spiritual respect or devotion; or inspiring awe or reverence among believers).

From an anthropological or atheistic perspective, the religious view of the sacred is an emic perspective on a culture's collection of thoughts and practices that function as a basis for the community's social structure.

Objects are often considered holy or sacred if used for spiritual purposes, such as the worship or service of gods. The property is often ascribed to people ("a holy man", a "holy prophet" who is venerated by his followers), objects (a "sacred artifact" that is venerated and blessed), times ("holy days"), or places ("holy places", "sacred ground").

Etymology

The word "sacred" descends from the Latin sacrum, which referred to the gods or anything in their power, and to sacerdos and sanctum, set apart. It was generally conceived spatially, as referring to the area around a temple.

Holy (U.D.O. album)

Holy is U.D.O.'s seventh album. It was recorded and mixed by Stefan Kaufmann at ROXX Studio in Pulheim and is the band's first album with the guitarist Igor Gianola, who had played with Ronni Le Tekrø in Wild Willy's Gang. The band recruited the drummer Lorenzo Milani after the release of the album; in the liner notes "guess who" replaces the name of the drummer.

Track listing

All songs written by Udo Dirkschneider and Stefan Kaufmann.

Credits

References