High water mark may refer to:
- Ordinary high water mark, a landscape marking such as floodwater staining left by the highest level of water (e.g., Strandline, debris left by high tide)
- High-water mark of the Confederacy, the turning point of the Battle of Gettysburg
- High Water Mark of the Rebellion Monument, a Gettysburg Battlefield memorial
- High water marks, a hedge fund term used to determine fund performance fees
- High-water mark (computer security)
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High-water mark (computer security)
High-water mark was introduced in Clark Weissmann in 1969. It pre-dates the Bell–LaPadula security model, whose first volume appeared in 1972.
Under high-water mark, any object less than the user's security level can be opened, but the object is relabeled to reflect the highest security level currently open. Hence the name.
The practical effect of the high-water mark was a gradual movement of all objects towards the highest security level in the system. If user A is writing a CONFIDENTIAL document, and checks the unclassified dictionary, the dictionary becomes CONFIDENTIAL. Then, when user B is writing a SECRET report and checks the spelling of a word, the dictionary becomes SECRET. Finally, if user C is assigned to assemble the daily intelligence briefing at the TOP SECRET level, reference to the dictionary makes the dictionary TOP SECRET, too.
Low-water mark
Low-water mark is an extension to Biba Model. In Biba model, no write up and no read down rules are enforced. In this model the rules are exactly opposite of the rules in Bell-La Padula model. In the low-water mark model, write down is permitted, but the subject label, after writing will be degraded to object label. It can be classified in floating label security models.
Hedge fund
A hedge fund is an investment fund that pools capital from a limited number of accredited individual or institutional investors and invests in a variety of assets, often with complex portfolio construction and risk management techniques. It is administered by a professional management firm, and often structured as a limited partnership, limited liability company, or similar vehicle. Hedge funds are generally distinct from mutual funds as their use of leverage is not capped by regulators and distinct from private equity funds as the majority of hedge funds invest in relatively liquid assets.
The name "hedge fund" originated from the paired long and short positions that the first of these funds used to hedge market risk. Over time, the types and nature of the hedging concepts expanded, as did the different types of investment vehicles. Today, hedge funds engage in a diverse range of markets and strategies and employ a wide variety of financial instruments and risk management techniques.
Podcasts:
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by Iced Earth
High Water Mark
by: Iced EarthIt was very close, yesterday
I thought for sure, they would break
But this attack, that I have planned
A massive strike across open land
In the center, they will break
(Will they break?)
But plan it well, everything's at stake
We'll hit 'em hard, not a silent gun
Before the Infantry's begun
Execute it well, we risk everything
It's in Gods hands now
General Lee, I must tell you straight
I believe this attack will fail
No fifteen thousand men ever made
Will overtake that ridge today
A mile charge over open ground
With Yankee cannon gunnin' us down
We do our duty, we do what we must
And in my plan, you will trust
(Thousands die on this day)
Execute it well, we risk everything
It's in Gods hands now
The rebel cannon break the silence
One hundred fifty guns make up their cannonade
They must destroy the Union Center
Before the Infantry can launch their grand assault
The Yankees are returning fire
(The Earth shakes violently)
In Washington D.C. Lincoln
Feels the earth shake
What happens here this day
The fate of this nation
In the balance it will hang
Consumed with the pain
The courage of the blue
The valor of the grey
So very sad but true
Consumed with the pain
The Virginians are the chosen
In wait behind the trees on Seminary Ridge
Longstreet's slow to give the orders
The lines emerged a mile, fifteen thousand men
The charge begins in all its grandeur
(To the copse of trees)
For many of these men
They know it is their last
The slaughter now ensues
Bodies fall like rain
They valiantly pursue
Yet doomed to remain
At the double quick they charge
The canister rips through them
To the mouth of hell they march
Glory, the only gain
We're almost there my boys
I've never served with finer
We must push forward boys
And bayonet the Yankee tyrants
To the copse of trees we charge
To crush the Union Center
And when they turn and run
An open road leads us to freedom
It's over now we are retreating
I never thought that we'd be beaten
All this blood is on my hands
The thousands dead due to my plan
I am responsible, all of it is my fault
I thought us invincible
Is this gods will, after all?
I look across this blood soaked land
All this blood is on my hands
God forgive me, please forgive me
It's all my fault