Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia

The Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia (Croatian: Hrvatska Republika Herceg-Bosna) was an unrecognised geopolitical entity in Bosnia and Herzegovina that existed between 1991 and 1994 during the Bosnian War. It was proclaimed on 18 November 1991 under the name Croatian Community of Herzeg-Bosnia, and claimed to be a separate or distinct "political, cultural, economic and territorial whole" in the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) concluded on 26 February 2001, that Herzeg-Bosnia was founded with the intention to secede from Bosnia and Herzegovina and unite with Croatia.

According to the ICTY, these aspirations, supported by the Republic of Croatia, were manifest, among other things, by Herzeg-Bosnia's use of Croatian currency and Croatian language and the granting by the Republic of Croatia of Croatian citizenship to Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina declared the Croatian Community of Herzeg-Bosnia illegal on 14 September 1992.