Henri Poincaré

Jules Henri Poincaré (French: [ʒyl ɑ̃ʁi pwɛ̃kaʁe]; 29 April 1854 – 17 July 1912) was a French mathematician, theoretical physicist, engineer, and a philosopher of science. He is often described as a polymath, and in mathematics as The Last Universalist by Eric Temple Bell, since he excelled in all fields of the discipline as it existed during his lifetime.

As a mathematician and physicist, he made many original fundamental contributions to pure and applied mathematics, mathematical physics, and celestial mechanics. He was responsible for formulating the Poincaré conjecture, which was one of the most famous unsolved problems in mathematics until it was solved in 2002–2003. In his research on the three-body problem, Poincaré became the first person to discover a chaotic deterministic system which laid the foundations of modern chaos theory. He is also considered to be one of the founders of the field of topology.

Poincaré made clear the importance of paying attention to the invariance of laws of physics under different transformations, and was the first to present the Lorentz transformations in their modern symmetrical form. Poincaré discovered the remaining relativistic velocity transformations and recorded them in a letter to Dutch physicist Hendrik Lorentz (1853–1928) in 1905. Thus he obtained perfect invariance of all of Maxwell's equations, an important step in the formulation of the theory of special relativity.

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Latest News for: henri poincaré

Mathematician Adam Kucharski: ‘Our concepts of what we can prove are shifting’

The Observer 30 Mar 2025
Adam Kucharski is a professor at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine ... In his new book Proof ... Photograph ... Henri Poincaré, a mathematician who did a lot of work in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, described something like this ... .

The big idea: do we worry too much about misinformation?

The Observer 17 Mar 2025
At the turn of the 20th century, the mathematician Henri Poincaré warned about the risks of too much trust or mistrust ... To borrow from Poincaré, believing that falsehoods are widespread and easily ...
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