Surface

In mathematics, specifically, in topology, a surface is a two-dimensional, topological manifold. The most familiar examples are those that arise as the boundaries of solid objects in ordinary three-dimensional Euclidean space R³, such as a sphere. On the other hand, there are surfaces, such as the Klein bottle, that cannot be embedded in three-dimensional Euclidean space without introducing singularities or self-intersections.

To say that a surface is "two-dimensional" means that, about each point, there is a coordinate patch on which a two-dimensional coordinate system is defined. For example, the surface of the Earth resembles (ideally) a two-dimensional sphere, and latitude and longitude provide two-dimensional coordinates on it (except at the poles and along the 180th meridian).

The concept of surface finds application in physics, engineering, computer graphics, and many other disciplines, primarily in representing the surfaces of physical objects. For example, in analyzing the aerodynamic properties of an airplane, the central consideration is the flow of air along its surface.

Surface (magazine)

Surface is an American design, Architecture, and fashion magazine. The magazine is published 10 times a year. Surface magazine covers in depth design profiles of prominent architects, designers, artists and photographers. Marc Lotenburg is the CEO and Spencer Bailey is the Editor in Chief.

History

Surface was founded in 1993 by Richard Klein and Riley Johndonnell. The magazine was based in San Francisco until 2005, when the main offices moved to New York City.

In 1994, Surface Magazine was one of 10 magazines dubbed as “upstart magazines to watch” by Vanity Fair.

In 1997, Surface introduced its first Avant Guardian issue, which focused on the Avant Guardian Awards, a photography competition that presents an opportunity for up and coming photographers to gain recognition and jumpstart their careers in the fashion editorial world. Winners have gone on to work for world renowned fashion houses and magazines like Giorgio Armani, Hermès, Banana Republic, Nike, IBM and Levi's—as well as magazines like Vogue, Elle, Harper’s Bazaar, Mademoiselle, and The New York Times Magazine. 10 finalists are chosen by heads of fashion and design, and have their work featured in a blowout fashion spread and showcased at a special launch event.

Surface (Circle album)

Surface is the seventh album by the Finnish experimental rock band Circle, led by bass guitarist Jussi Lehtisalo. It is a live recording, split with the Japanese band Marble Sheep, released by Metamorphos/Captain Trip in 1998.

Track listing

Happy (Alexia album)

Happy is the third studio album by Italian singer Alexia released in 1999, and would be her final studio album to be written and produced by Robyx and the DWA team. The album continued to see Alexia have a broad range of styles, though the move away from eurodance was not as dramatic as it had been with The Party. It was Alexia's first album on the Sony Epic label. Alexia's management team had boasted that every track on the album was good enough to be released as a single, yet only two tracks were released as singles.

Initially, "Change Your Life" was planned as the lead single, but instead "Goodbye" was released. "Happy" followed as the second single. Sony Music Finland announced plans to release "Baby Baby Baby" as the third single in early 2000, though DWA denied this. No record can be found of the track being released physically or as a radio promo, though the Italian Alexia Wikipedia page lists the song as a radio promotional CD and the track was included on Alexia's Hits album.

Happy (disambiguation)

To be happy is to experience happiness: a feeling of contentment or joy.

Happy may also refer to:

Film and television

Music

Bands

Albums

Songs

Happy (Michael Jackson song)

"Happy" is a song recorded by Michael Jackson for the Motown label in 1973. The song featured on Jackson's album Music & Me. Its full title is "Happy (Love Theme from Lady Sings the Blues)", although it was never featured in the film or the soundtrack for Lady Sings the Blues. The song was released as a single in Australia, backed by "In Our Small Way".

Jackson continued to perform the track in concert as late as 1977, citing it as one of his favorite songs.

The song was not released as a single in the UK until 1983 to promote Motown's 18 Greatest Hits compilation album, on which the song was included. Upon its release, "Happy" (credited to Michael Jackson plus The Jackson 5) peaked at #52 on the British pop chart. It was also issued as a single by Bobby Darin and included on his posthumous Motown LP Darin: 1936-1973. It was later recorded by the song's composer, Smokey Robinson, and appeared on his landmark solo album A Quiet Storm.

According to Robinson, the song was inspired by the film's melody, which was originally composed by Michel Legrand. He explained, "I was looking at the movie one day, and I was listening to that melody, and I thought it was just such a beautiful melody, until I wanted to write some words for that melody, which I did, and I went and I sang them for Berry Gordy, and he was really upset because I didn't write them before he finished the movie so they could've been in the movie."