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Góra Kalwaria
Góra Kalwaria [ˈgura kalˈvarʲa] is a town on the Vistula River in the Mazovian Voivodship, Poland, about 25 kilometres (16 miles) southeast of Warsaw. It has a population of about 11,000 (1992). The town has significance for both Catholic Christians and Hasidic Jews. Originally, its name was simply Góra (literally: "Mountain"), changed in 1670 to Nowa Jerozolima ("New Jerusalem"), and in the 18th century to Góra Kalwaria ("Calvary Mountain"). The Yiddish name of the town is גער (Ger).
Major industries previously included food processing (Hortex), sports equipment (Polsport), and chemical industry. However, by 2005, they had all closed.
History
The village of Góra already existed in the 13th century. Completely destroyed during a Swedish occupation known as the Deluge, in 1666, it became the property of Stefan Wierzbowski, Bishop of Poznań, who decided to found a new town on the ruins. His plan was to build a calvary — a religious center dedicated to passion plays and services, which was popular in the early modern Poland. He was encouraged by the fact that the local landscape resembled that of the Holy Land.
Góra
Góra [ˈɡura] (German: Guhrau) is a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the administrative seat both of Góra County and of the smaller district (gmina) called Gmina Góra.
Geography
The town is located within the historic Lower Silesia region, approximately 69 kilometres (43 mi) north-west of the regional capital Wrocław. As at 2006, it has a population of 12,574.
History
The settlement in the Duchy of Silesia was first mentioned as Gora in an 1155 deed by Pope Adrian IV conveying the property to the Diocese of Wrocław. The name of the town means "hill" or "mountain" in Old Polish. In 1288 it became part of the Duchy of Głogów under the Piast duke Henry III and received Magdeburg rights. The German name Guhrau is first documented in 1336. From the 14th century onwards, the town developed to a centre of cloth manufacturing.
Guhrau was annexed by Prussia upon the First Silesian War in 1742 and from 1816 was the administrative seat of Landkreis Guhrau within the Province of Silesia. In World War II it was occupied by the Red Army during the 1945 Vistula–Oder Offensive. According to the Potsdam Agreement, the town fell to the Republic of Poland, while the remaining German population was expelled. Again a county seat from 1946, from 1975 to 1998 Góra belonged to Leszno Voivodeship.
Góra (disambiguation)
Góra is a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, south-west Poland.
Góra (meaning in Polish "hill" or "mountain") may also refer to:
In Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland):
In Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland):
In Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland):
In Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland):
In Podlaskie Voivodeship (north-east Poland):
In Pomeranian Voivodeship (north Poland):
In Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship (south-central Poland):
In Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (north Poland):
In other voivodeships:
Góra, Silesian Voivodeship
Góra [ˈɡura] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Miedźna, within Pszczyna County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) east of Pszczyna and 32 km (20 mi) south of the regional capital Katowice.
The village has a population of 2,554.
References
Coordinates: 49°58′25″N 19°6′34″E / 49.97361°N 19.10944°E
