Plea

In legal terms, a plea is simply an answer to a claim made by someone in a criminal case under common law using the adversarial system. Colloquially, a plea has come to mean the assertion by a defendant at arraignment, or otherwise in response to a criminal charge, whether that person pleaded guilty, not guilty, no contest or (in the United States) Alford plea.

The concept of the plea is one of the major differences between criminal procedure under common law and procedure under the civil law system. Under common law, a plea of guilty by the defendant waives trial of the charged offences and the defendant may be sentenced immediately. This produces a system known under American law as plea bargaining.

In civil law jurisdictions, there is generally no concept of a plea of guilty. A confession by the defendant is treated like any other piece of evidence, and a full confession does not prevent a full trial from occurring or relieve the plaintiff(s) from its duty of presenting a case to the trial court.

Guilty (2011 film)

Guilty (French: Présumé coupable) is a 2011 French drama film directed by Vincent Garenq about the Outreau trial. Garenq was nominated for the 2012 Best Writing (Adaptation) César Award and Philippe Torreton was nominated as Best Actor.

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Talvar (film)

Talvar (English title: Guilty) is a 2015 Bollywood drama film written by Vishal Bharadwaj and directed by Meghna Gulzar. The film is based on the 2008 Noida double murder case, in which a teenage girl and her family servant were found murdered, and her parents were convicted for the murders. The film stars Irrfan Khan, Konkona Sen Sharma, Neeraj Kabi and Sohum Shah in leading roles and Tabu in a guest appearance. The film is produced by Junglee Pictures, the films division of The Times of India Group. Originally Nyodda, the film's title was changed to Talvar in February 2015. The film's premiere was at the 2015 Toronto International Film Festival in September.

Talvar presents three contradictory accounts of the case, which variously portray the parents as guilty or innocent. Meghna Gulzar has stated that her script is completely objective and unbiased. However, multiple reviewers have remarked that the film's Rashomon-style storytelling is designed to show the parents in sympathetic light. At the 61st Filmfare Awards, Talvar was nominated for five awards, including Best Film, and it won the Filmfare Award for Best Editing.

Logic (rapper)

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Sir Robert Bryson Hall II (born January 22, 1990), known by his stage name Logic, is an American rapper and singer. He was born and raised in Gaithersburg, Maryland. He has amassed a large Internet following and is a member of the RattPack, his group of friends that he works with. Logic has released four official mixtapes and two studio albums, the most recent being The Incredible True Story.

He is currently signed with Visionary Music Group and Def Jam and released his debut album Under Pressure on October 21, 2014. The album debuted at number four on the Billboard 200 and sold 73,000 copies in its first week. Logic released his sophomore album The Incredible True Story on November 13, 2015.

Early life

Robert Bryson Hall II grew up in the West Deer Park public housing projects, a low-income crime-ridden neighborhood. Throughout his childhood, both his African-American father and White mother suffered from cocaine addiction and alcoholism. His father was not a major part of his childhood, but they are in contact with each other now. Growing up, his brothers sold crack cocaine and even sold the drug to his father. He attended Gaithersburg High School but did not graduate. He began skipping classes in the 10th grade. "I started doing badly and failed every class but English, so they kicked me out of school, they gave up on me." Logic was expelled and used his free time to dive into pursuing his music career.

Boolean-valued function

A boolean-valued function (sometimes called a predicate or a proposition) is a function of the type f : X → B, where X is an arbitrary set and where B is a boolean domain, i.e. a generic two-element set, (for example B = {0, 1}), whose elements are interpreted as logical values, for example, 0 = false and 1 = true.

In the formal sciences, mathematics, mathematical logic, statistics, and their applied disciplines, a boolean-valued function may also be referred to as a characteristic function, indicator function, predicate, or proposition. In all of these uses it is understood that the various terms refer to a mathematical object and not the corresponding semiotic sign or syntactic expression.

In formal semantic theories of truth, a truth predicate is a predicate on the sentences of a formal language, interpreted for logic, that formalizes the intuitive concept that is normally expressed by saying that a sentence is true. A truth predicate may have additional domains beyond the formal language domain, if that is what is required to determine a final truth value.