Granula

Granula was the first manufactured breakfast cereal. It was invented by James Caleb Jackson in 1863. Granula could be described as being a larger and tougher version of the somewhat similar later cereal Grape-Nuts. Granula however, consisted primarily of bran-rich Graham flour made into nugget shapes. The cereal had to be soaked overnight before it could be eaten.

The cereal was manufactured from a dough of Graham flour rolled into sheets and baked. The dried sheets were then broken into pieces, baked again, and broken into smaller pieces.

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Platelet alpha-granule

In platelets, the term "alpha granules" is used to describe granules containing several growth factors.

Contents of alpha-granules

Contents include insulin-like growth factor 1, platelet-derived growth factors, TGFβ, platelet factor 4 (which is a heparin-binding chemokine) and other clotting proteins (such as thrombospondin, fibronectin, factor V, and von Willebrand factor).

The alpha granules express the adhesion molecule P-selectin and CD63. These are transferred to the membrane after synthesis.

The other type of granules within platelets are called dense granules.

Clinical significance

A deficiency of alpha granules is known as gray platelet syndrome.

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