Gpr109b

Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3

Identifiers

HCAR3; GPR109B; HCA3; HM74; PUMAG; Puma-g

External IDs

OMIM: 606039 HomoloGene: 55944 IUPHAR: HCA₃ ChEMBL: 4421 GeneCards: HCAR3 Gene

Gene Ontology
Molecular function	• signal transducer activity • receptor activity • G-protein coupled receptor activity • G-protein coupled purinergic nucleotide receptor activity
Cellular component	• plasma membrane • integral to plasma membrane
Biological process	• G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

n/a

n/a

n/a

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_006018.2

n/a

RefSeq (protein)

NP_006009.2

n/a

Location (UCSC)

Chr 12:
123.2 – 123.2 Mb

n/a

PubMed search

[1]

n/a

Niacin receptor 2, also known as NIACR2 or GPR109B, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the NIACR2 gene.^[1]^[2]

1 Function
2 References
3 External links
4 Further reading

Function [link]

GPR109B is a low affinity receptor for nicotinic acid (niacin)^[3] and is a member of the nicotinic acid receptor family of G protein-coupled receptors (the other identified member being GPR109A).

GPR109B is a G_i /G_o protein-coupled receptor with low affinity for nicotinic acid.^[3]

References [link]

^ "Entrez Gene: GPR109B G protein-coupled receptor 109B". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8843.
^ Nomura H, Nielsen BW, Matsushima K (October 1993). "Molecular cloning of cDNAs encoding a LD78 receptor and putative leukocyte chemotactic peptide receptors". International Immunology 5 (10): 1239–49. DOI:10.1093/intimm/5.10.1239. PMID 7505609.
^ ^a ^b Wise A, Foord SM, Fraser NJ, Barnes AA, Elshourbagy N, Eilert M, Ignar DM, Murdock PR, Steplewski K, Green A, Brown AJ, Dowell SJ, Szekeres PG, Hassall DG, Marshall FH, Wilson S, Pike NB (March 2003). "Molecular identification of high and low affinity receptors for nicotinic acid". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 278 (11): 9869–74. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M210695200. PMID 12522134.

External links [link]

"Nicotinic Acid Receptor Family: GPR109B". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. https://www.iuphar-db.org/GPCR/ReceptorDisplayForward?receptorID=3009.

Further reading [link]

Nomura H, Nielsen BW, Matsushima K (1994). "Molecular cloning of cDNAs encoding a LD78 receptor and putative leukocyte chemotactic peptide receptors.". Int. Immunol. 5 (10): 1239–49. DOI:10.1093/intimm/5.10.1239. PMID 7505609.
Zingoni A, Rocchi M, Storlazzi CT, et al. (1997). "Isolation and chromosomal localization of GPR31, a human gene encoding a putative G protein-coupled receptor.". Genomics 42 (3): 519–23. DOI:10.1006/geno.1997.4754. PMID 9205127.
Irobi J, Nelis E, Verhoeven K, et al. (2002). "Mutation analysis of 12 candidate genes for distal hereditary motor neuropathy type II (distal HMN II) linked to 12q24.3.". J. Peripher. Nerv. Syst. 7 (2): 87–95. DOI:10.1046/j.1529-8027.2002.02014.x. PMID 12090300.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. DOI:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241.
Wise A, Foord SM, Fraser NJ, et al. (2003). "Molecular identification of high and low affinity receptors for nicotinic acid.". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (11): 9869–74. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M210695200. PMID 12522134.
Tunaru S, Kero J, Schaub A, et al. (2003). "PUMA-G and HM74 are receptors for nicotinic acid and mediate its anti-lipolytic effect.". Nat. Med. 9 (3): 352–5. DOI:10.1038/nm824. PMID 12563315.
Soga T, Kamohara M, Takasaki J, et al. (2003). "Molecular identification of nicotinic acid receptor.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 303 (1): 364–9. DOI:10.1016/S0006-291X(03)00342-5. PMID 12646212.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. DOI:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=528928.
Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, et al. (2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes.". Genome Res. 16 (1): 55–65. DOI:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMC 1356129. PMID 16344560. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1356129.
Toulza E, Mattiuzzo NR, Galliano MF, et al. (2007). "Large-scale identification of human genes implicated in epidermal barrier function.". Genome Biology 8 (6): R107. DOI:10.1186/gb-2007-8-6-r107. PMC 2394760. PMID 17562024. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2394760.

Cell surface receptor: G protein-coupled receptors

Class A:
Rhodopsin like

Neurotransmitter

Adrenergic	α1 (A B D) α2 (A B C) β1 β2 β3

Purinergic	Adenosine (A1 A2A A2B A3) P2Y (1 2 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14)

Serotonin	(all but 5-HT3) 5-HT1 (A B D E F) 5-HT2 (A B C) 5-HT (4 5A 6 7)

Other	Acetylcholine (M1 M2 M3 M4 M5) Dopamine (D1 D2 D3 D4 D5) Histamine (H1 H2 H3 H4) Melatonin (1A 1B 1C) TAAR (1 2 3 5 6 8 9)

Metabolites and
signaling molecules

Eicosanoid	CysLT (1 2) LTB4 (1 2) FPRL1 OXE Prostaglandin (DP (1 2), EP (1 2 3 4), FP) Prostacyclin Thromboxane

Other	Bile acid Cannabinoid (CB1 CB2, GPR (18 55 119)) EBI2 Estrogen Free fatty acid (1 2 3 4) Lactate Lysophosphatidic acid (1 2 3 4 5 6) Lysophospholipid (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8) Niacin (1 2) Oxoglutarate PAF Sphingosine-1-phosphate (1 2 3 4 5) Succinate

Peptide

Neuropeptide	B/W (1 2) FF (1 2) S Y (1 2 4 5) Neuromedin (B U (1 2)) Neurotensin (1 2)

Other	Anaphylatoxin (C3a C5a) Angiotensin (1 2) Apelin Bombesin (BRS3 GRPR NMBR) Bradykinin (B1 B2) Chemokine Cholecystokinin (A B) Endothelin (A B) Formyl peptide (1 2 3) FSH Galanin (1 2 3) GHB receptor Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1 2) Ghrelin Kisspeptin Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin MAS (1 1L D E F G X1 X2 X3 X4) Melanocortin (1 2 3 4 5) MCHR (1 2) Motilin Opioid (Delta Kappa Mu Nociceptin & Zeta, but not Sigma) Orexin (1 2) Oxytocin Prokineticin (1 2) Prolactin-releasing peptide Relaxin (1 2 3 4) Somatostatin (1 2 3 4 5) Tachykinin (1 2 3) Thyrotropin Thyrotropin-releasing hormone Urotensin-II Vasopressin (1A 1B 2)

Miscellaneous

Orphan	GPR (1 3 4 6 12 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 25 26 27 31 32 33 34 35 37 39 42 44 45 50 52 55 61 62 63 65 68 75 77 78 81 82 83 84 85 87 88 92 101 103 109A 109B 119 120 132 135 137B 139 141 142 146 148 149 150 151 152 153 160 161 162 171 173 174 176 177 182 183)

Other	Adrenomedullin Olfactory Opsin (3 4 5 1LW 1MW 1SW RGR RRH) Protease-activated (1 2 3 4) SREB (1 2 3)

Class B: Secretin like

Orphan	GPR (56 64 97 98 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 123 124 125 126 128 133 143 144 155 157)

Other	Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor (1 2 3) Cadherin (1 2 3) Calcitonin CALCRL CD97 Corticotropin-releasing hormone (1 2) EMR (1 2 3) Glucagon (GR GIPR GLP1R GLP2R) Growth hormone releasing hormone PACAPR1 GPR Latrophilin (1 2 3 ELTD1) Methuselah-like proteins Parathyroid hormone (1 2) Secretin Vasoactive intestinal peptide (1 2)

Class C: Metabotropic
glutamate / pheromone

Taste	TAS1R (1 2 3) TAS2R (1 3 4 5 8 9 10 12 13 14 16 19 20 30 31 38 39 40 41 42 43 45 46 50)

Other	Calcium-sensing receptor GABA B (1 2) Glutamate receptor (Metabotropic glutamate (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8)) GPRC6A GPR (156 158 179) RAIG (1 2 3 4)

Class F:
Frizzled / Smoothened

Frizzled	Frizzled (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10)

Smoothened	Smoothened

B trdu: iter (nrpl/grfl/cytl/horl), csrc (lgic, enzr, gprc, igsr, intg, nrpr/grfr/cytr), itra (adap, gbpr, mapk), calc, lipd; path (hedp, wntp, tgfp+mapp, notp, jakp, fsap, hipp, tlrp)

This article on a gene on chromosome 12 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

https://wn.com/Niacin_receptor_2

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