The Glyndŵr Rising, Welsh Revolt or Last War of Independence was an uprising of the Welsh between 1400 and 1415, led by Owain Glyndŵr, against England. It was the last major manifestation of a Welsh independence movement before the incorporation of Wales into England by the Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542.
In the last decade of the 14th century, Richard II of England had launched a bold plan to consolidate his hold on his Kingdom and break the power of the magnates who constantly threatened his authority. As part of this plan, Richard began to shift his power base from the southeast and London towards the County of Cheshire and systematically built up his power in nearby Wales. Wales was ruled through a patchwork of semi-autonomous feudal states, Bishoprics, shires, and territory under direct Royal rule. Richard eliminated his rivals and took their land or gave it to his favourites. As he did so, he raised an entire class of Welsh people to fill the new posts created in his new fiefdoms. For these people, the final years of the reign of Richard II were full of opportunities. To the English magnates, it was a further sign that Richard was dangerously out of control.
Coordinates: 52°59′46″N 3°23′35″W / 52.996°N 3.393°W / 52.996; -3.393
Glyndŵr was one of six districts of Clwyd between 1974 and 1996.
It was formed on 1 April 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, from parts of the administrative counties of Denbighshire and Merionethshire.
From Denbighshire came the boroughs of Denbigh, Llangollen and Ruthin, the rural districts of Ceiriog and Ruthin and the parishes of Llangollen Rural and Llantysilio, formerly in Wrexham Rural District. From Merionethshire came the Edeyrnion Rural District.
The district was named after Owain Glyndŵr, who lived in Glyndyfrdwy for a while.
On 1 April 1996 the district was dissolved, with parts going to each of the three principal areas of Denbighshire, Powys and Wrexham.