Gloss (optics)

Gloss is an optical property which indicates how well a surface reflects light in a specular (mirror-like) direction. It is one of important parameters that are used to describe the visual appearance of an object. The factors that affect gloss are the refractive index of the material, the angle of incident light and the surface topography.

Apparent gloss depends on the amount of specular reflection – light reflected from the surface in an equal amount and the symmetrical angle to the one of incoming light – in comparison with diffuse reflection – the amount of light scattered into other directions.

Theory

When light illuminates an object, it interacts with it in a number of ways:

  • Absorbed within it (largely responsible for colour)
  • Transmitted through it (dependent on the surface transparency and opacity)
  • Scattered from or within it (diffuse reflection, haze and transmission)
  • Specularly reflected from it (gloss)

    • Variations in surface texture directly influence the level of specular reflection. Objects with a smooth surface, i.e. highly polished or containing coatings with finely dispersed pigments, appear shiny to the eye due to a large amount of light being reflected in a specular direction whilst rough surfaces reflect no specular light as the light is scattered in other directions and therefore appears dull. The image forming qualities of these surfaces are much lower making any reflections appear blurred and distorted.

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    This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Gloss_(optics)

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