Gibraltar 1

Gibraltar 1 is the specimen name of a Neanderthal skull found at Forbes' Quarry in Gibraltar in 1848, by Captain Edmund Flint, a British officer with the Royal Navy. Its discovery predates that of the "original" Neanderthal discovery but no one realised its importance at the time and it lay forgotten in a cupboard for years. The location and context of this discovery is unclear making specific dating of the skull impossible.

In 19th century science

Found more than ten years before the publication of Charles Darwin's Origin of Species and eight years prior to the famous discovery in the Neander Valley, the significance of the find was not understood at the time, and the skull was simply labelled as "an ancient human, died before the universal flood" and lay forgotten inside a cupboard at the Garrison Library for many years. After the publication of Origin of Species, a renewed interest in the fossil human remains led to the skull being brought out of obscurity and presented at a meeting in the British Association for the Advancement of Science in 1864. Darwin was not present, but the skull was later examined by both Darwin and Thomas Huxley, who concluded the skull was that of an extinct human species. Darwin did however only make fleeting reference to Gibraltar 1 in the 1871 Descent of Man. A cast of the skull can be viewed at the Gibraltar Museum - the original is kept by the Natural History Museum in London.

Gibraltar

Gibraltar /dʒᵻˈbrɔːltər/ is a British Overseas Territory located on the southern end of the Iberian Peninsula at the entrance of the Mediterranean. It has an area of 6.7 km² (2.6 sq mi) and shares its northern border with the Province of Cádiz in Andalusia, Spain. The Rock of Gibraltar is the major landmark of the region. At its foot is a densely populated city area, home to over 30,000 Gibraltarians and other nationalities.

An Anglo-Dutch force captured Gibraltar from Spain in 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession on behalf of the Habsburg pretender to the Spanish throne. The territory was subsequently ceded to Britain "in perpetuity" under the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713. During World War II it was an important base for the Royal Navy as it controlled the entrance and exit to the Mediterranean Sea, which is only eight miles (13 km) wide at this point. Today Gibraltar's economy is based largely on tourism, online gambling, financial services, and shipping.

The sovereignty of Gibraltar is a major point of contention in Anglo-Spanish relations as Spain asserts a claim to the territory. Gibraltarians overwhelmingly rejected proposals for Spanish sovereignty in a 1967 referendum and again in 2002. Under the Gibraltar constitution of 2006, Gibraltar governs its own affairs, though some powers, such as defence and foreign relations, remain the responsibility of the Government of the United Kingdom.

Gibraltar (disambiguation)

Gibraltar is a self-governing British Overseas Territory, located to the north of the Strait of Gibraltar.

Gibraltar may also refer to:

Places

Europe

Gibraltar (web site)

Gibraltar, also called The New Gibraltar Encyclopedia of Progressive Rock, is a web site devoted to presenting news and reviews in the world of progressive rock. Gibraltar is well respected in the progressive rock community, and citations to it can be seen in numerous progressive rock related articles on Wikipedia. The encyclopedia is not freely editable by the public, but contributions may be submitted to the maintainers via email.

History

Gibraltar started in 1991 as a moderated electronic mailing list, issued in weekly digest form. The original moderator was Michael Lamoureux, and the list was for discussion of anything related to progressive and psychedelic rock, including art rock, symphonic rock, and electronic music.

In 1991–1992, list member Dave Markfield compiled The Progressive Music Survey, an A-to-Z listing of progressive rock bands, with discographies, reviews, interviews, etc., with most contributions provided by 15 list members. This plain text document was available by email and FTP.