Ward

Ward may refer to:

In businesses

In designated areas or social units

Montgomery Ward

Montgomery Ward was the name of two historically distinct American retail enterprises. It can refer either to the defunct mail order and department store retailer, which operated between 1872 and 2000, or to the current catalog and online retailer also known as Wards.

Original Montgomery Ward (1872–2000)

Company origins

Montgomery Ward was founded by Aaron Montgomery Ward in 1872. Ward had conceived of the idea of a dry goods mail-order business in Chicago, Illinois, after several years of working as a traveling salesman among rural customers. He observed that rural customers often wanted "city" goods but their only access to them was through rural retailers who had little competition and offered no guarantee of quality. Ward also believed that by eliminating intermediaries, he could cut costs and make a wide variety of goods available to rural customers, who could purchase goods by mail and pick them up at the nearest train station.

After several false starts, including the destruction of his first inventory by the Great Chicago Fire, Ward started his business at his first office, either in a single room at 825 North Clark Street, or in a loft above a livery stable on Kinzie Street between Rush and State Streets. He and two partners used $1,600 they had raised in capital and issued their first catalog in August 1872 which consisted of an 8 in × 12 in (20 cm × 30 cm) single-sheet price list, listing 163 items for sale with ordering instructions for which Ward had written the copy. His two partners left the following year, but he continued the struggling business and was joined by his future brother-in-law George Robinson Thorne.

Wards and electoral divisions of the United Kingdom

The wards and electoral divisions in the United Kingdom are electoral districts at sub-national level represented by one or more councillors. The ward is the primary unit of English electoral geography for civil parishes and borough and district councils, electoral ward is the unit used by Welsh principal councils, while the electoral division is the unit used by English county councils and some unitary authorities. Each ward/division has an average electorate of about 5,500 but ward-population counts can vary substantially. As at the end of 2014 there were 9,456 electoral wards/divisions in the UK.

England

The London boroughs, the metropolitan boroughs and the non-metropolitan districts (including most unitary authorities) are divided into wards for local elections. However, county council elections (as well as those for several unitary councils which were formerly county councils, such as the Isle of Wight Council and Shropshire Council) instead use the term electoral division. In shire county areas with both wards (used for district council elections) and electoral divisions (used for county council elections), the boundaries of the two types of divisions may sometimes not coincide, but more often the county electoral divisions will be made up of one or more complete wards.

Ghetto

A ghetto is a part of a city in which members of a minority group live, especially because of social, legal, or economic pressure. The term was originally used in Venice to describe the part of the city to which Jews were restricted and segregated.

Etymology

The English word ghetto comes from the Jewish area of Venice, the Venetian Ghetto in Cannaregio. However, there is no agreement among etymologists about the origins of the Venetian language term. The Oxford University Press etymologist Anatoly Liberman considers that all the proposed etymologies for the Venetian name are wrong, and suggests a possible connection with German Gasse, Swedish Gata, Gothic Gatwo, meaning street. Among the theories that Liberman rejects are the following: getto (foundry), as ge- and ghe- have very different pronunciations in Italy, and the area would logically have been called "getti", foundries, in the plural; borghetto, diminutive of borgo, meaning little town, a nonspecific term; and the Hebrew word get, a divorce document, with no connection to "a place of forced separation".

Testimony (August Alsina album)

Testimony is the debut studio album by American R&B recording artist August Alsina. It was released on April 15, 2014, by Def Jam Recordings. The album was supported by six singles; "I Luv This Shit" featuring Trinidad James, "Ghetto", "Numb" featuring B.o.B and Yo Gotti, "Make It Home" featuring Jeezy, "Kissin' on My Tattoos" and "No Love (Remix)" featuring Nicki Minaj; along with the promotional single, "Benediction" featuring Rick Ross.

Upon its release, Testimony was met with generally positive reviews from music critics, who praised the whole creativity of the album. The album debuted at number 2 on the Billboard 200, with first-week sales of 67,000 copies in the United States.

Singles

On February 14, 2013, the music video was released for the lead single, "I Luv This Shit" featuring Trinidad James. The song was produced by Knucklehead. It was officially released for digital download on February 19, 2013. The song peaking at number 48 on the US Billboard Hot 100, while peaking at number 13 on the Billboard's Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs charts.

Ghetto (Akon song)

"Ghetto" is the second single from American singer/songwriter Akon's debut studio album, Trouble. The single was released on December 21, 2004, exclusively in Latin America and certain countries of Europe. The single peaked at #92 on the Billboard Hot 100. Akon describes the song's lyrics as "a description of the cycle of poverty experienced by those living in poor, inner-city areas. Additionally, it describes the physical and psychological oppression with which these residents must deal on a regular basis." The video for the track was filmed in New Jersey, New Mexico and the Navajo Nation reservation in Arizona.

Song information

Four official versions of the song exist. The main album version is sung entirely by Akon, and features on all versions of the album. The second version is entitled the "International Remix", features an additional rap verse from Ali B & Yes R, and is listed as the main version of the track on the most prominent single formats. The third version is entitled the "US Remix", and features additional vocals from 2Pac and The Notorious B.I.G. This version only features on the promotional version of the song. The fourth version is entitled the "Reggaeton Remix", and features vocals from Ali B, Yes R and Tego Calderon. The song is not available on the iTunes version of the Trouble album. There is also a Spanish version of this song, called "Pueblo libre" by MC Piri. Videos for the International Remix and Reggaeton Remix exist, and both appear on the main single format. This song Ghetto by Akon is covered from the original Ghetto song of Alborosie.