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Scholar-official
Scholar-officials, also known as Scholar-gentlemen, Scholar-bureaucrats or Scholar-gentry (Chinese: 士大夫; pinyin: shì dàfū) were civil servants appointed by the emperor of China to perform day-to-day governance from the Han dynasty to the end of the Qing dynasty in 1912, China's last imperial dynasty. After the Sui dynasty these officials mostly came from the scholar-gentry (绅士 shēnshì) who had earned academic degrees (such as xiucai, juren, or jinshi) by passing the imperial examinations. The scholar-officials were schooled in calligraphy and Confucian texts. They dominated the government and local life of China until 1911.
Since only a few could become court or local officials, the majority of the scholar-gentry stayed in villages or cities as social leaders. The scholar-gentry carried out social welfare measures, taught in private schools, helped negotiate minor legal disputes, supervised community projects, maintained local law and order, conducted Confucian ceremonies, assisted in the government's collection of taxes, and preached Confucian moral teachings. As a class, these scholars claimed to represent morality and virtue. The district magistrate, who by regulation was not allowed to serve in his home district,depended on local gentry for advice and for carrying out projects, giving them power to benefit themselves and their clients.
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a sovereign state in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population of over 1.35 billion. The PRC is a one-party state governed by the Communist Party, with its seat of government in the capital city of Beijing. It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces; five autonomous regions; four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Chongqing); two mostly self-governing special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau); and claims sovereignty over Taiwan.
Covering approximately 9.6 million square kilometers, China is the world's second-largest country by land area, and either the third or fourth-largest by total area, depending on the method of measurement. China's landscape is vast and diverse, ranging from forest steppes and the Gobi and Taklamakan deserts in the arid north to subtropical forests in the wetter south. The Himalaya, Karakoram, Pamir and Tian Shan mountain ranges separate China from South and Central Asia. The Yangtze and Yellow Rivers, the third- and sixth-longest in the world, run from the Tibetan Plateau to the densely populated eastern seaboard. China's coastline along the Pacific Ocean is 14,500 kilometres (9,000 mi) long, and is bounded by the Bohai, Yellow, East and South China Seas.
China (footballer, born 1982)
João Pedro dos Santos Gonçalves (born 15 April 1982 in Beja), known as China, is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays for Cypriot club Nea Salamis Famagusta FC as a left back.
Club statistics
References
External links
Radio Stations - Beijing
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Podcasts:
China
ALBUMS
- Good Lovin' released: 2004
- China released: 2001
- On tourne en rond released: 2001
- China released: 1996
- So Far released: 1992
- Go All the Way released: 1991
- Live released: 1991
- Sign in the Sky released: 1989
- China released: 1988
- China released:
China Moses
ALBUMS
- Crazy Blues released: 2013
- This One's for Dinah released: 2009
- Good Lovin' released: 2004
- On tourne en rond released: 2001
- China released: 1996
China
ALBUMS
- China released: 2001
China
ALBUMS
- On the Slide released: 1977
China
ALBUMS
- Safe Mode released: 2010
- Hollywood Rocks! released: 2005
- Munich City Nights, Volume 40 released: 1996
- Phonogram News 7/91 released: 1991
- Kimberlite Zouk, Volume 1 released:
Hollywood Rocks!
Released 2005- Killing Time
- Run for Your Life
- Dr. Rock
- Time Warp
- Whatever Happened to Fun
- Cold Day in Hell
- It's Not Love
- F**k Like a Beast
- Hold on to 18
- Looks So Good
- Kokomo Joe
- Let's Get Crazy
- No Reason to Live
- In Your Direction
- Be My Slave
- Too Good for Heaven
- Last Action Hero
- Break Down the Walls (That Stop the Rock)
- Sleepless Nights
Phonogram News 7/91
Released 1991- Le dernier qui a parle...
- Ooh La La
- Mr. Tambourine Man
- In My World
- My Love Lives in a Dead House
- Rubberbandman
- Katamaran
- Da Da Da
- Farewell Mr. Sorrow
- Dejeuner en Paix (radio edit)
- Life Keeps Moving On
- Bitter Tears
- Words
- Yeah... But What Do Men Want?
- You Don't Have to Go Home Tonight
- Schön 4 - Heimweh
- Mix It Up
- Naked Love
- Jealous Again
Kimberlite Zouk, Volume 1
- Radio
- La Nuit
- Prisonnier du Temps
- Crier L'anmou
- Mes gars et moi (feat. Elpidio)
- Ritounin (feat. Kaysha)
- La ki sa nga (feat. Babeth)
- Pas de Larmes (feat. Tilly Key)
- Désir Fou... (feat. Ruby Mike)
- Chanter la La La
- Arrête ton bla bla (feat. Alyssa)
- Dingue D'elle (feat. Welcomes Charles & Max)
- Make Me Say
- [unknown]
China
ALBUMS
- On the Ropes released: 1999
China
ALBUMS
- My Love is Underground released: 2014
- Rose du béton released: 2007
China
ALBUMS
- Oi! A Nova Musica Brasileira! released: 2010
- MTV Apresenta: Sintonizando Recife released: 2008
MTV Apresenta: Sintonizando Recife
Released 2008- Lágrimas Pretas (Part. esp.: Pitty)
- Enladeirada (O Seu Lugar) (Part. esp.: Marina de La Riva)
- Estrondo (Part. esp.: Bárbara Eugênia)
- Tatuí (Part. esp.: Karine Carvalho
- Jardim de Inverno (Part. esp.: Yuri Queiroga, André Édipo, Pernalonga e Hugo Gila)
- Sem paz (Part. esp.: Yuri Queiroga, André Édipo, Pernalonga e Hugo Gila)
- Asas nos Pés (Part. esp.: Yuri Queiroga, André Édipo, Pernalonga e Hugo Gila)
- Canção que não Morre no Ar (Part. esp.: Yuri Queiroga, André Édipo, Pernalonga e Hugo Gila)
- Sem Conserto (Part. esp.: Toca Ogan, Dengue e PG)
- Eletrocutado (Part. esp.: Rodrigo Brandão, Toca Ogan, Dengue e PG)
- O Som (Part. esp.: Jorge Du Peixe, Toca Ogan, Dengue e PG)
- Vendi a Alma (Part. esp.: Toca Ogan, Dengue e PG)
- Duas Cores
- Amigo do Tempo
- Faaca
- Papapa
China
ALBUMS
- Light up the dark released: 2010
- So Far released: 1992
- Go All the Way released: 1991
- Live released: 1991
- Sign in the Sky released: 1989
- China released: 1988
- China released:
China~
ALBUMS
- Lost released: 2011
- Half Light released: 2010
China
ALBUMS
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