Periods

Paleolithic

pre–14,000 BC

Jōmon

14,000–300 BC

to 250 AD

250–538

538–710

710–794

794–1185

1185–1333

1333–1336

1336–1573

Nanboku-chō	1336–1392
Sengoku	1467–1573

Azuchi–Momoyama

1568–1603

Nanban trade

Edo (Tokugawa)

1603–1868

Bakumatsu

Meiji

1868–1912

Restoration

Taishō

1912–1926

World War I

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1926–1989

Financial crisis
Militarism
Occupation
Post-occupation

Heisei

1989–present

Lost Decade

Topics

Empire of Japan	1868–1945
Postwar Japan	1945–present

This article is about the Japanese era, for other meanings, see Genji (disambiguation).

Genji (元治^?) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,^?, lit. "year name") after Bunkyū and before Keiō. This period spanned only slightly more than a single year from February 1864 through April 1865.^[1] The reigning emperor was Kōmei-tennō (孝明天皇^?).

Change of era [link]

February 8, 1864 Genji gannen (元治元年^?): The new era name of Genji (meaning "original rule") was created to mark the beginning of a new 60-year cycle of the Chinese zodiac.^[2] The old era ended and a new one commenced in Bunkyū 4. It ended to mark the "Jubilant Answer" (Keiō-era) to the rebellion at Hamaguri Gate.

The new era name was derived from the I Ching.

[edit] Events of the Genji era

July 8, 1864 (Genji 1, 5th day of the 6th month): The Ikedaya Jiken, also known as the Ikedaya Affair or Ikedaya Incident, developed at the Ikedaya ryokan in Kyoto.
August 12, 1864 (Genji 1, 11th day of the 7th month): Sakuma Shōzan is assassinated at age 53.^[3] He had traveled from Edo to Kyoto on orders of the shogunate. He was in favor of steps which would lead to an opening of the country, but his voice was stilled by death at the hands of a sonno joi supporter.^[4]
September 5–6, 1864 (Genji 1, 5th-6th day of the 8th month): Bombardment of Shimonoseki

Notes [link]

^ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Genji" Japan Encyclopedia, p. 236 at Google Books; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File.
^ Griffis, William E. (1915). The Mikado: Institution and Person, p. 84.
^ Armstrong, Robert Cornell. (1914). Light from the East Or Studies in Japanese Confucianism, p. 192.
^ National Diet Library: Portraits of Modern Japanese Historical Figures.

References [link]

Armstrong, Robert Cornell. (1914). Light from the East Or Studies in Japanese Confucianism. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. OCLC 220491442
Griffis, William E. (1915). The Mikado: Institution and Person. Princeton: Princeton University Press. OCLC 413118
Nussbaum, Louis Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan Encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 10-ISBN 0-674-01753-6; 13-ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 48943301

External links [link]

National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

Genji	1st	2nd
Gregorian	1864	1865

Preceded by:
Bunkyū

Era or nengō:
Genji

Succeeded by:
Keiō

v t e Japanese era names (Nengō)

Asuka period 538–710	Taika 645–650 Hakuchi 650–654 Shuchō 686–686 Taihō 701–704 Keiun 704–708 Wadō 708–715

Nara period 710–784	Reiki 715–717 Yōrō 717–724 Jinki 724–729 Tenpyō 729–749 Tenpyō-kanpō 749–749 Tenpyō-shōhō 749–757 Tenpyō-hōji 757–765 Tenpyō-jingo 765–767 Jingo-keiun 767–770 Hōki 770–781 Ten'ō 781–782 Enryaku 782–806

Heian period 784–1185	Daidō 806–810 Kōnin 810–824 Tenchō 824–834 Jōwa 834–848 Kajō 848–851 Ninju 851–854 Saikō 854–857 Ten'an 857–859 Jōgan 859–877 Gangyō 877–885 Ninna 885–889 Kanpyō 889–898 Shōtai 898–901 Engi 901–923 Enchō 923–931 Jōhei 931–938 Tengyō 938–947 Tenryaku 947–957 Tentoku 957–961 Ōwa 961–964 Kōhō 964–968 Anna 968–970 Tenroku 970–973 Ten'en 973–976 Jōgen 976–978 Tengen 978–983 Eikan 983–985 Kanna 985–987 Eien 987–988 Eiso 988–990 Shōryaku 990–995 Chōtoku 995–999 Chōhō 999–1004 Kankō 1004–1012 Chōwa 1012–1017 Kannin 1017–1021 Jian 1021–1024 Manju 1024–1028 Chōgen 1028–1037 Chōryaku 1037–1040 Chōkyū 1040–1044 Kantoku 1044–1046 Eishō 1046–1053 Tengi 1053–1058 Kōhei 1058–1065 Jiryaku 1065–1069 Enkyū 1069–1074 Jōhō 1074–1077 Jōryaku 1077–1081 Eihō 1081–1084 Ōtoku 1084–1087 Kanji 1087–1094 Kahō 1094–1096 Eichō 1096–1097 Jōtoku 1097–1099 Kōwa 1099–1104 Chōji 1104–1106 Kajō 1106–1108 Tennin 1108–1110 Ten'ei 1110–1113 Eikyū 1113–1118 Gen'ei 1118–1120 Hōan 1120–1124 Tenji 1124–1126 Daiji 1126–1131 Tenshō 1131–1132 Chōshō 1132–1135 Hōen 1135–1141 Eiji 1141–1142 Kōji 1142–1144 Ten'yō 1144–1145 Kyūan 1145–1151 Ninpei 1151–1154 Kyūju 1154–1156 Hōgen 1156–1159 Heiji 1159–1160 Eiryaku 1160–1161 Ōhō 1161–1163 Chōkan 1163–1165 Eiman 1165–1166 Nin'an 1166–1169 Kaō 1169–1171 Jōan 1171–1175 Angen 1175–1177 Jishō 1177–1181 Yōwa 1181–1182 Juei 1182–1184 Genryaku 1184–1185

Kamakura period 1185–1333	Bunji 1185–1190 Kenkyū 1190–1199 Shōji 1199–1201 Kennin 1201–1204 Genkyū 1204–1206 Ken'ei 1206–1207 Jōgen 1207–1211 Kenryaku 1211–1213 Kempo 1213–1219 Jōkyū 1219–1222 Jōō 1222–1224 Gennin 1224–1225 Karoku 1225–1227 Antei 1227–1229 Kangi 1229–1232 Jōei 1232–1233 Tenpuku 1233–1234 Bunryaku 1234–1235 Katei 1235–1238 Ryakunin 1238–1239 En'ō 1239–1240 Ninji 1240–1243 Kangen 1243–1247 Hōji 1247–1249 Kenchō 1249–1256 Kōgen 1256–1257 Shōka 1257–1259 Shōgen 1259–1260 Bun'ō 1260–1261 Kōchō 1261–1264 Bun'ei 1264–1275 Kenji 1275–1278 Kōan 1278–1288 Shōō 1288–1293 Einin 1293–1299 Shōan 1299–1302 Kengen 1302–1303 Kagen 1303–1306 Tokuji 1306–1308 Enkyō 1308–1311 Ōchō 1311–1312 Shōwa 1312–1317 Bunpō 1317–1319 Gen'ō 1319–1321 Genkō 1321–1324 Shōchū 1324–1326 Karyaku 1326–1329 Gentoku 1329–1331 Genkō 1331–1334^♯ Shōkyō 1332–1333^₪

Nanboku-chō period (Northern Court) 1336–1392	Kemmu 1334–1338 Ryakuō 1338–1342 Kōei 1342–1345 Jōwa 1345–1350 Kannō 1350–1352 Bunna 1352–1356 Enbun 1356–1361 Kōan 1361–1362 Jōji 1362–1368 Ōan 1368–1375 Eiwa 1375–1379 Kōryaku 1379–1381 Eitoku 1381–1384 Shitoku 1384–1387 Kakei 1387–1389 Kōō 1389–1390 Meitoku 1390–1394^‡

Nanboku-chō period (Southern Court) 1336–1392	Kemmu 1334–1336 Engen 1336–1340 Kōkoku 1340–1346 Shōhei 1346–1370 Kentoku 1370–1372 Bunchū 1372–1375 Tenju 1375–1381 Kōwa 1381–1384 Genchū 1384–1392^‡

Muromachi period 1392–1573	Ōei 1394–1428 Shōchō 1428–1429 Eikyō 1429–1441 Kakitsu 1441–1444 Bun'an 1444–1449 Hōtoku 1449–1452 Kyōtoku 1452–1455 Kōshō 1455–1457 Chōroku 1457–1460 Kanshō 1460–1466 Bunshō 1466–1467 Ōnin 1467–1469 Bunmei 1469–1487 Chōkyō 1487–1489 Entoku 1489–1492 Meiō 1492–1501 Bunki 1501–1521 Eishō 1504–1521 Daiei 1521–1528 Kyōroku 1528–1532 Tenbun 1532–1555 Kōji 1555–1558 Eiroku 1558–1570 Genki 1570–1573

Momoyama period 1573–1600	Tenshō 1573–1592 Bunroku 1592–1596 Keichō 1596–1615

Edo period 1600–1868	Genna 1615–1624 Kan'ei 1624–1644 Shōhō 1644–1648 Keian 1648–1652 Jōō 1652–1655 Meireki 1655–1658 Manji 1658–1661 Kanbun 1661–1673 Enpō 1673–1681 Tenna 1681–1684 Jōkyō 1684–1688 Genroku 1688–1704 Hōei 1704–1711 Shōtoku 1711–1716 Kyōhō 1716–1736 Genbun 1736–1741 Kanpō 1741–1744 Enkyō 1744–1748 Kan'en 1748–1751 Hōreki 1751–1764 Meiwa 1764–1772 An'ei 1772–1781 Tenmei 1781–1789 Kansei 1789–1801 Kyōwa 1801–1804 Bunka 1804–1818 Bunsei 1818–1830 Tenpō 1830–1844 Kōka 1844–1848 Kaei 1848–1854 Ansei 1854–1860 Man'en 1860–1861 Bunkyū 1861–1864 Genji 1864–1865 Keiō 1865–1868

Modern Japan 1868–present	Meiji 1868–1912 Taishō 1912–1926 Shōwa 1926–1989 Heisei 1989–present

^♯ The Northern pretenders did not recognize the Genkō era. Gentoku continued to be used in the Northern Court until 1332. ^₪ The Shōkyō era was recognized only by the Northern pretenders, not by the Southern Court. ^‡ Upon reunification of the Northern and Southern Courts in 1392, Genchū was discontinued. Meitoku was used until 1394.

This article about a Japanese era name is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

de:Genji (Ära)

es:Era Genji fr:Ère Genji ko:겐지 (1864년) ja:元治 simple:Genji sv:Genji zh:元治

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Genji

Genji is the Latinized rendering of several Japanese names. It may refer to:

Genji (era), an era in Japanese history (1864–65)

Hikaru Genji, the main character of the 11th-century Japanese text The Tale of Genji

Ganji, an alternative name for the Minamoto clan

Video games

Genji: Dawn of the Samurai, a PlayStation 2 video game

Genji: Days of the Blade, a PlayStation 3 video game

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Genji

Minamoto clan

Minamoto clan (源, Minamoto-shi) was one of the surnames bestowed by the Emperors of Japan upon members of the imperial family who were demoted into the ranks of the nobility. The practice was most prevalent during the Heian Period (AD 794–1185), although its last occurrence was during the Sengoku Era. The Taira were another such offshoot of the imperial dynasty. The Minamoto clan is also called the Genji (源氏), using the Sino–Japanese pronunciation of the Chinese characters for Minamoto (gen, from Middle Chinese ngüon) and family (ji, from MC dʒje).

The Minamoto were one of four great clans that dominated Japanese politics during the Heian period — the other three were the Fujiwara, the Taira, and the Tachibana.

History

The first emperor to grant the surname Minamoto was Emperor Saga, who reportedly had 49 children, resulting in a significant financial burden on the imperial household. In order to alleviate some of the pressure of supporting his unusually large family, he made many of his sons and daughters nobles instead of royals. He chose the word minamoto (meaning "origin") for their new surname in order to signify that the new clan shared the same origins as the royal family. Afterwards, Emperor Seiwa, Emperor Murakami, Emperor Uda, and Emperor Daigo, among others, also gave their sons or daughters the name Minamoto. These specific hereditary lines coming from different emperors developed into specific clans referred to by the emperor's name followed by Genji, e.g. Seiwa Genji. According to some sources, the first to be given the name Minamoto was Minamoto no Makoto, seventh son of Emperor Saga.

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Minamoto_clan

Genji: Days of the Blade

Genji: Days of the Blade, known in Japan as Genji: Kamui Sōran (GENJI -神威奏乱-, GENJI -Kamui Sōran, lit. Genji: the Godly Disturbance), is an action game that was released exclusively on the PlayStation 3 platform. Genji: Days of the Blade takes place three years after the end of Genji: Dawn of the Samurai. The Heishi clan, seemingly vanquished at the end of Dawn of the Samurai, has returned, its military strength bolstered by the use of unholy magic that allows its legions of soldiers to turn into hulking demons. Yoshitsune and his stalwart friend Benkei must do battle with the newly restored Heishi army; this time, however, they gain two powerful allies in their war—the priestess Shizuka, and the spear wielder, Lord Buson. Like the previous Genji game, Days of the Blade is based on Japanese history. The game's presentation at E3 2006, where the producer said that the game was "based on famous battles, which actually took place in ancient Japan" and then battled what he described as a "giant enemy crab", sparked the "Giant Enemy Crab" meme.

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Genji:_Days_of_the_Blade

location on Google Map

Era (river)

The Era is a river in Tuscany in Italy. It rises near Volterra and flows into the Arno river at Pontedera.

The Era is 54 km long, and its main tributaries are: (to the left) Cascina river, Ragone torrent, Sterza torrent, and (to the right) Capriggine torrent and Roglio torrent.

In 1966 the river flooded the town of Pontedera.

Coordinates: 43°40′N 10°38′E / 43.667°N 10.633°E / 43.667; 10.633

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Era_(river)

Era (publisher)

A ERA is a Bulgarian publishing house created by Tsvetelina Decheva (Dečeva; president) in 1996. It publishes mainly translated works by authors such as Jeffery Deaver, Orson Scott Card, Agatha Christie, Katerine Eliot, Stefan Kisyov and Aleksandr Belov.

References

External links

ERA official website

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Era_(publisher)

Era (geology)

A geologic era is a subdivision of geologic time that divides an eon into smaller units of time. The Phanerozoic Eon is divided into three such time frames: the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic represent the major stages in the macroscopic fossil record. These eras are separated by catastrophic extinction boundaries, the P-T boundary between the Paleozoic and the Mesozoic and the K-T boundary between the Mesozoic and the Cenozoic. There is evidence that catastrophic meteorite impacts played a role in demarcating the differences between the eras.

The Hadean, Archean and Proterozoic eons were as a whole formerly called the Precambrian. This covered the four billion years of Earth history prior to the appearance of hard-shelled animals. More recently, however, those eons have been subdivided into eras of their own.

Contents

Change of era [link]

[edit] Events of the Genji era

See also [link]

Notes [link]

References [link]

External links [link]

https://wn.com/Genji_(era)

Genji

Video games

Minamoto clan

History

Genji: Days of the Blade

Era (river)

Era (publisher)

References

External links

Era (geology)

See also

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