Gharana

In Hindustani music, a gharānā is a system of social organization linking musicians or dancers by lineage or apprenticeship, and by adherence to a particular musical style. A gharana also indicates a comprehensive musicological ideology. This ideology sometimes changes substantially from one gharana to another. It directly affects the thinking, teaching, performance and appreciation of music.

The word gharana comes from the Urdu/Hindi word 'ghar', which means 'family' or 'house'. It typically refers to the place where the musical ideology originated; for example, some of the gharanas well known for singing khyals are: Agra, Gwalior, Indore, Jaipur, Kirana, and Pattiala.

Vocal gharanas

Khyal gharanas

The gharana system in khyal was rooted in the guru-shishya tradition and was similar to the Dhrupad Bani system. The gharana system was greatly influenced by the gradual fall of the Mughal Empire, which forced musicians to move from Delhi to princely states such as Gwalior, Lucknow, Hyderabad, Patiala and Rampur.

Angé

Angé is a commune in the Loir-et-Cher département in central France.

Population

See also

References

ANG

Ang, ANG or Äng may refer to the following items:

Acronyms

Codes

Companies

Surnames

Popular culture

Others

Ang (surname)

Ang is a Hokkien and Teochew romanization of the Chinese surnames Wang (汪, Wāng) and Hong (洪, Hóng).

Distribution

In mainland China and Taiwan, names are recorded in Chinese characters and officially romanized using Hanyu Pinyin.

However, Ang was the 12th-most-common surname among Chinese Singaporeans in the year 2000. In Southeast Asia, most of the Ang descendents have settled in Singapore and Penang. Their ancestors came from mainland China, mostly from Fujian, and some of their history could be traced up to four generations. A significant number of Ang descendents could be found in the Philippines. In the United States, it is much less common: the surname ranked 18,359th in 1990 and 11,317th in the year 2000.

See also

References