Liberty

Liberty, in philosophy, involves free will as contrasted with determinism. In politics, liberty consists of the social and political freedoms enjoyed by all citizens. In theology, liberty is freedom from the bondage of sin. Generally, liberty seems to be distinct from freedom in that freedom concerns itself primarily, if not exclusively, with the ability to do as one wills and what one has the power to do; whereas liberty also takes into account the rights of all involved. As such, liberty can be thought of as freedom limited by rights, and therefore cannot be abused.

Philosophy

Philosophers from earliest times have considered the question of liberty. Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius (121–180 AD) wrote of "a polity in which there is the same law for all, a polity administered with regard to equal rights and equal freedom of speech, and the idea of a kingly government which respects most of all the freedom of the governed." According to Thomas Hobbes, "a free man is he that in those things which by his strength and wit he is able to do is not hindered to do what he hath the will to do" (Leviathan, Part 2, Ch. XXI).

The Female Boss

The Female Boss is the debut studio album by British singer and former N-Dubz member Tulisa. It was released on 3 December 2012 via All Around the World and Island Records. The album's artwork was revealed on 6 October 2012 via Tulisa's official Facebook page. The Female Boss originally was to be released on 26 November but was pushed back by one week. It incorporates hip hop, dance and R&B styles while enlisting a variety of producers; The-Dream, Fazer, Stereotypes, Rico Love, Diane Warren and Ed White, among others. The album features guests appearances from British rapper Wiley, American rapper Tyga and Nines. Three singles preceded the album's release; the lead single "Young" peaked at number 1 while "Live It Up" and "Sight of You" peaked within the top 20 of the UK Singles Chart.

Upon its release, The Female Boss has received generally negative reviews from most music critics, with many critics panning the themes, intro of the album, production and some lyrical content, while some critics felt the dance songs were highlights. Commercially, the album opened with poor sales, debuting at number 35 on the UK Albums Chart and number 55 in Ireland.

Freedom (Theme from Panther)

"Freedom" was a 1995 song released on Mercury Records featuring a chorus of over 60 African-American female artists and groups of note in hip-hop, pop and R&B music including Aaliyah, Vanessa L. Williams, Mary J. Blige, MC Lyte, Coko, En Vogue, SWV, TLC, and Monica. It is a cover of Joi's song of the same name from her 1994 album The Pendulum Vibe. Both versions were produced by Dallas Austin.

Background

The all-star recording of both the song and solemn black-and-white video for "Freedom" took place directly after the American Music Awards in 1995. According to its promotional single's liner notes, the song was a tribute to women of the past like Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, Rosa Parks, Coretta Scott King, Shirley Chisholm, and Angela Davis who played major roles in black resistance, as well as the empowerment of women of the present.

"Freedom" is a cover of a song originally performed by underground R&B singer Joi on her acclaimed 1994 album The Pendulum Vibe. The song was re-recorded as the official theme for the award winning film Panther. The song was produced by Dallas Austin and Diamond D, "Freedom" reached the top twenty of the Billboard Hot 100 in 1995. The song featured female R&B singers, who at the time were popular acts in R&B and/or Pop music. The vocals were arranged by former Vertical Hold singer Angie Stone, and Me'Shell Ndegéocello contributed bass guitar as well.

Bypass

Bypass may refer to:

See also

Source direct

Source direct, also known as tone defeat or bypass is a sound engineering term. It describes a feature on a piece of audio equipment which allows the audio effect such as bass and treble controls to be bypassed, leaving the sound unaltered by the equipment. This has two functions:

Bypass surgery

Bypass surgery refers to a class of surgeries involving rerouting a tubular body part.

Types include:

References