Enemy

Enemy or foe is an individual or a group that is seen as forcefully adverse or threatening. The concept of an enemy has been observed to be "basic for both individuals and communities". The term "enemy" serves the social function of designating a particular entity as a threat, thereby invoking an intense emotional response to that entity. The state of being or having an enemy is enmity, foehood or foeship.

Terms

As for the etymology the term enemy is derived from Latin language for 'bad friend' (Latin: inimicus). "Enemy" is a strong word, and "emotions associated with the enemy would include anger, hatred, frustration, envy, jealousy, fear, distrust, and possibly grudging respect". As a political concept, an enemy is likely to be met with hate, violence, battle and war. The opposite of an enemy is a friend or ally. Because the term "the enemy" is a bit bellicose and militaristic to use in polite society, informal substitutes are more often used. Often the substituted terms become pejoratives in the context that they are used. In any case, the designation of an "enemy" exists solely to denote the status of a particular group of people as a threat, and to propagate this designation within the local context. Substituted terms for an enemy often go further to meaningfully identify a known group as an enemy, and to pejoratively frame that identification. A government may seek to represent a person or group as a threat to the public good by designating that person or group to be a public enemy.

Foe (unit)

A foe is a unit of energy equal to 10⁴⁴joules or 10⁵¹ergs, used to measure the large amount of energy released by a supernova.

The word is an acronym derived from the phrase [ten to the power of] fifty-one ergs. It was coined by Gerald Brown of Stony Brook University in his work with Hans Bethe, because "it came up often enough in our work".

This unit of measure is convenient because a supernova typically releases about one foe of observable energy in a very short period (which can be measured in seconds). In comparison, if the Sun had its current luminosity throughout its entire lifetime, it would release 3.827×10²⁶W × 3.1536×10⁷s/yr × 10¹⁰ yr ≈ 1.2 foe.

A foe is approximately 186.3 times the rest mass energy of the Earth.

See also

References

Foe (EP)

Foe is an EP by blackmail. The track "Foe" was featured in the Japan release of their album Friend or Foe?. Andy Gill produced this album together with the band in London.

Track listing

References

External links

SAF 2205

SAF 2205, also known as Sandvik SAF 2205, is a Sandvik-owned trademark for a 22Cr duplex (ferritic-austenitic) stainless steel. SAF derives from Sandvik Austenite Ferrite. The nominal chemical composition of SAF 2205 is 22% chromium, 5% nickel, 3.2% molybdenum and other alloying elements such as nitrogen and manganese. The UNS designation for SAF 2205 is S31803/S32205 and the EN steel no. is 1.4462.

Typical properties of SAF 2205 duplex stainless steel are:

See also

References

External links

SAF 2507

SAF 2507, also known as Sandvik SAF 2507, is a Sandvik-owned trademark for a 25Cr duplex (ferritic-austenitic) stainless steel. The nominal chemical composition of SAF 2507 is 25% Chromium, 7% Nickel, 4% Molybdenum and other alloying elements such as Nitrogen and Manganese. The UNS designation for SAF 2507 is S32750 and the EN steel no. is 1.4410. SAF derives from Sandvik Austenite Ferrite. Typical properties of SAF 2507 duplex stainless steel are:

See also

References

External links

Mamasapano clash

The Mamasapano clash, also known as the Mamasapano Massacre, was a police operation, codenamed Oplan Exodus, which took place on Sunday, January 25, 2015, at Tukanalipao, Mamasapano, Maguindanao, by Special Action Force (SAF) of the Philippine National Police (PNP) (allegedly joined by United States Army Special Forces) against the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters (BIFF) and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF). The operation was intended to capture or kill wanted Malaysian terrorist and bomb-maker Zulkifli Abdhir and other Malaysian terrorists and/or high-ranking members of the BIFF.

Originally a mission to serve arrest warrants for high-ranking terrorists, it led to the deaths of 44 members of SAF, 18 from MILF and 5 from the BIFF, and several civilians, and the death of Zulkifli Abdhir confirmed by the FBI and the PNP at 6:30 p.m. of February 4, 2015 due to a matching DNA result. He was one of FBI's most wanted terrorists. Getulio Napeñas, the relieved SAF commander, estimates about 250 deaths from the combined MILF, BIFF, and private militias during the encounter although this was not confirmed and was met with skepticism since aside from the fact that there was no actual body count, there is no acceptable level of evidence to prove his claim. Napenas' estimate was also debunked by the MILF and by the local government of Mamasapano.