Flashing (cinematography)
In cinematography, flashing is a method of contrast control that takes advantage of the natural physical properties of chemical-emulsion film stock to bring out detail in darker areas of the print.
The effect is produced by adding a small and even level of exposure to the entire image. Since exposure levels increase logarithmically, this tiny level of additional exposure has no practical effect on an image's mid-tones or highlights, while it shifts the darker areas of the image into the film's practical sensitivity range, thus allowing darker areas of the image to show visual detail rather than uniform black.
Flashing can be applied to the film stock before, during, or after principal photography of the film, although always before the film's processing. When applied before or after shooting, this is generally done by a motion picture film lab. The level of flashing needs to be tested ahead of time and subsequently moderated appropriately against the light levels of the scene, or else it risks having minimal impact if too low or making the shadows "milky" when too high.