Rio Grande

The Rio Grande (/ˈriːoʊ ˈɡrænd/ or /ˈriːoʊ ˈɡrɑːndeɪ/; Spanish: Río Bravo del Norte, pronounced: [ˈri.o ˈβɾaβo ðel ˈnorte] or simply Río Bravo) is one of the principal rivers in the southwest United States and northern Mexico (the other being the Colorado River). The Rio Grande rises from south-central Colorado in the United States and flows to the Gulf of Mexico. Along the way, it forms part of the Mexico–United States border. According to the International Boundary and Water Commission, its total length was 1,896 miles (3,051 km) in the late 1980s, though course shifts occasionally result in length changes. Depending on how it is measured, the Rio Grande is the fourth- or fifth-longest river system in North America.

The river serves as part of the natural border between the U.S. state of Texas and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas. A very short stretch of the river serves as the boundary between the U.S. states of Texas and New Mexico. Since the mid–20th century, heavy water consumption of farms and cities along with many large diversion dams on the river has left only 20% of its natural discharge to flow to the Gulf. Near the river's mouth, the heavily irrigated Rio Grande Valley is an important agricultural region. The Rio Grande is one of 19 Great Waters recognized by America's Great Waters Coalition.

Río Grande (Lugo)

River in the province of Lugo, in the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain. It rises in the mountains of Trabada, then north into Lourenzá and finally Ribadeo.

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Rio Grande (company)

Rio Grande is a jewelry-making equipment, tools and supplies company located in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Founded in 1944 by jeweler Saul Bell, the company is run by six directors (four of whom are Saul Bell's children) and has become one of the largest jewelry findings, tools, and equipment suppliers in the world.

Rio Grande, a Berkshire Hathaway Company since 2013, offers a wide range of jewelry-making supplies. While specializing in silver findings and fabrication materials, the company also offers metalsmithing tools and equipment, jewelry displays and packaging products, casting machines and kilns, soldering and welding torches, gemstones, diamonds and beadstringing materials. They also supply craft artisans who work in enamels and resins as well as copper and bronze metal clay (COPPRclay and BRONZclay) and silver and gold Precious Metal Clays (PMC). The company annually produces at least two product catalogs, specifically its Gems & Findings and Tools & Equipment books.

The Rio Grande (Lambert)

The Rio Grande is a work by Constant Lambert, for alto, choir, piano, brass, strings and a percussion section of 15 instruments, needing five players. It was written in 1927, and achieved instant and long-lasting popularity on its appearance on the concert stage in 1929. It is an example of symphonic jazz, not unlike the style of George Gershwin's Rhapsody in Blue, although it is very much Lambert's individual conception.The Rio Grande is set to the poem of the same name by Sacheverell Sitwell, and takes about 15 minutes to perform.

Style

The Rio Grande combines jazzy syncopations, ragtime and Brazilian influences, harmonies and rhythms inspired by Duke Ellington, with a traditional English choral sound. The outer sections are brisk, surrounding a central nocturne. The piano part often plays triplets against duplets, redolent of a rumba. The coda is based on material from the central section.

The poem refers to a river in Brazil, although there is no Brazilian river called Rio Grande.

Republic of the Rio Grande

The Republic of the Rio Grande (Spanish: República del Río Grande) was an independent nation that insurgents against the Central Mexican Government sought to establish in northern Mexico. The rebellion lasted from January 17 to November 6, 1840 and the Republic of the Rio Grande was never officially recognized.

Background

After a decade of strife, Mexico won its independence from the Kingdom of Spain in 1821. After a failed attempt at a monarchy, Mexico adopted a new constitution, the 1824 Constitution. This new constitution established los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, or "the United Mexican States," as a federal republic.

In 1833, General Antonio López de Santa Anna was elected to his first term as president and was, at the time of his election, in support of the federal republic. However, after some members of government angered Santa Anna's political allies, Santa Anna decided to start a centralized government. Santa Anna suspended the constitution, disbanded Congress and made himself the center of power in Mexico. This led to the eruption of a number of uprisings and secessionist movements throughout the country, the most successful being the Texas Revolution. Less successful secession movements were attempted by the Republic of Zacatecas and the Republic of Yucatán. At the same time there was filibuster activity in the country that sought to expand slavery in Mexico. Many of the caudillos that initiated and participated in the rebellion also participated in later violent secessionist movements.

Flag of the Republic of the Rio Grande

The Flag of the Republic of the Rio Grande was used in 1840, during 283 days from January 17 to November 6, as long as the republic existed. This country was formed by the northeastern Mexican states of Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas.

The flag of the Republic of the Rio Grande has a red hoist with three white stars run evenly along the hoist. The three stars represent the three states that seceded: Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas. The fly is split into a white upper fly and a black lower fly. It was purposefully designed similar to the Lone Star Flag as the Republic of the Rio Grande was fighting for the same ideals as the Republic of Texas was.

The city of Laredo, Texas uses the flag as their city flag.

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