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Albania
Flag of Albania.svg
Name Albania
Use National flag National flag
Proportion 5:7
Adopted 1912 (original flag)

7 April 1992 (current flag)
Design A silhouette of an open-winged bicephalated eagle on a red field.

The flag of Albania (Albanian: Flamuri i Shqipërisë) is a red flag, with a silhouetted black double-headed eagle in the centre, that represents the sovereign state of Albania located in the Balkans.

Contents

History [link]

The double-headed eagle is the national symbol of the Albanians and was used for heraldic purposes during the Middle Ages by a number of Albanian noble families, including the Kastrioti, whose most famous member was George Kastriot Skanderbeg. The Kastrioti's coat of arms, depicting a double-headed eagle on a red field, became famous when he led a revolt against the Ottoman Empire that resulted in brief independence for some regions of Albania from 1443 to 1478. The double-headed eagle on the flag is borrowed from the banner of the Byzantine Empire (specifically the emblem of the Palaiologoi dynasty).[1][2]

The symbol of the double-headed eagle was re-used by Albanian nationalists during the late 19th and early 20th centuries as a symbol of their campaign for their country's independence from the Ottoman Empire.[1][3] On 28 November 1912, the Albanian Declaration of Independence was proclaimed in Vlora and the flag, raised by Ismail Qemal, was adopted as the symbol of the new nation.[1][3]

The Albanian flag has gone through a number of changes over the years as different regimes have modified it. During the reign of King Zog (r. 1928–1939), a crown was added to the flag and was replaced by two axes during the Italian occupation of Albania. After World War II, the communist regime added a five-pointed golden star, which was removed on 7 April 1992 after the communist government in Albania collapsed.[3]

Albania's maritime flags—the civil ensign and the naval ensign—are both different from the national flag. The civil ensign consists of three horizontal bands of red, black, and red. The naval ensign is similar to the national flag, except that the eagle is on a white field, and the lower portion of the flag has a red stripe. The eagle of the flag of Albania is depicted on the reverse of the Albanian five lekë coin, issued in 1995 and 2000.[4]

Beginning in 1969, the flag of Albania was widely unofficially flown in Kosovo by the country's ethnic Albanian population.[5] It was the symbol of the unrecognised Republic of Kosova during the 1990s. The current independent state of Kosovo uses a different flag that was designed to avoid any symbols associated with a particular ethnic group.

Gallery [link]

Chronological [link]

Ensign and standard [link]

  • Insignia of the Royal Albanian Army

  • Civil ensign of Albania (1945–1992).

  • Civil ensign of Albania.

  • State ensign of Albania (1958–1992).

  • Coast Guard ensign of Albania (1958–1992).

  • Presidential Standard (1946–1992).

  • Naval ensign of Albania (1954–1958).

  • Naval ensign of Albania (1946–1954).

  • Naval ensign of Albania (1958–1992).

  • Naval ensign of Albania.

  • State ensign of Albania.

  • Coast Guard ensign of Albania.

  • Presidential Standard.

Other [link]

See also [link]

References [link]

Citations [link]

  1. ^ a b c Elsie 2001, "Eagles", p. 78.
  2. ^ Grumeza 2010, p. 99; Mucha, Crampton & Louda 1985, p. 36.
  3. ^ a b c Elsie 2010, "Flag, Albanian.", p. 140.
  4. ^ "Albanian coins in circulation – Issue of 1995, 1996 and 2000". Bank of Albania. 2004–2009. https://www.bankofalbania.org/web/Albanian_coins_of_circulation_43_2.php. Retrieved 9 March 2012. 
  5. ^ Malcolm 1998, p. 325.

Sources [link]

Further reading [link]

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Flags of Albania
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https://wn.com/Flag_of_Albania

Albania

Albania (i/ælˈbeɪniə/, al-BAY-nee-ə, or sometimes /ɔːlˈbeɪniə/, awl-BAY-nee-ə; Albanian: Shqipëri/Shqipëria; Gheg Albanian: Shqipni/Shqipnia, Shqypni/Shqypnia), officially known as the Republic of Albania (Albanian: Republika e Shqipërisë; Albanian pronunciation: [ɾɛpuˈblika ɛ ʃcipəˈɾiːs]), is a country in Southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, the Republic of Macedonia to the east, and Greece to the south and southeast. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the west and on the Ionian Sea to the southwest. It is less than 72 km (45 mi) from Italy, across the Strait of Otranto which connects the Adriatic Sea to the Ionian Sea.

The modern-day territory of Albania was at various points in history part of the Roman provinces of Dalmatia (southern Illyricum), Macedonia (particularly Epirus Nova), and Moesia Superior. The modern Republic became independent after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in Europe following the Balkan Wars. Albania declared independence in 1912 and was recognized the following year. It then became a Principality, Republic, and Kingdom until being invaded by Italy in 1939, which formed Greater Albania. The latter eventually turned into a Nazi German protectorate in 1943. The following year, a socialist People's Republic was established under the leadership of Enver Hoxha and the Party of Labour. Albania experienced widespread social and political transformations during the communist era, as well as isolationism from much of the international community. In 1991, the Socialist Republic was dissolved and the Republic of Albania was established.

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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Albania

Albania (placename)

The toponym Albania may indicate several different geographical regions: a country in the Balkans; an ancient land in the Caucasus; as well as Scotland, Albania being a Latinization of a Gaelic name for Scotland, Alba. This article will cover etymology, as well as trace the usage of the toponyms and related toponyms and ethnonyms from their earliest known occurrence down to present times.

Albania (Caucasus)

Albania as the name of Caucasian Albania, a state and historical region of eastern Caucasus, that existed on the territory of present-day republic of Azerbaijan (where both of its capitals were located) and partially southern Dagestan.

However, unlike the names of the other two European countries, this name was an exonym given to them by the Romans, as no one knew what these inhabitants called themselves. Compare also the land in Caucasus called Iberia, with the Iberian peninsula in Europe.

Albania (Balkans)

Albania as the name of a region in the Balkans attested in Medieval Latin. It may derive from an ethnonym, Albanoi, the name of an Illyrian tribe. Some linguists propose a derivation from the Proto-Indo-European root *albho-, which meant 'white'; referring perhaps to the snow-capped mountains of Albania. Others think the source may be a non-Indo-European root *alb-, meaning "hill, mountain", also present in alp "mountain pasture".

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Albania (disambiguation)

Albania is an independent state on the Balkan Peninsula in south-eastern Europe.

Albania may also refer to :

States and state subdivisions (Albania-related)

  • Kingdom of Albania, Angevin ruled kingdom established in 1272
  • Albania Veneta, Venetian possessions in southern the coastal area of what is now northern Albania and the coast of Montenegro.
  • Sanjak of Albania, a subdivision of the Rumelia Eyalet of Ottoman Empire in period 1385–1466
  • Albanian Vilayet, a vilayet of the Ottoman Empire projected in 1912 in the western Balkan Peninsula
  • Independent Albania, former unrecognized country established in 1912 comprising the territories of Kosovo Vilayet, Monastir Vilayet, Shkodër Vilayet and Janina Vilayet
  • Republic of Central Albania, a short-lived unrecognized state established on October 16, 1913 with its administrative centre in Durrës, today in Albania
  • Principality of Albania, a short-lived (March—September 1914) monarchy in Albania constituted by the ambassadors of Great Powers on 29 July 1913
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    This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Albania_(disambiguation)

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