Fern

A fern is a member of a group of approximately 12,000 species of vascular plants that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers. They differ from mosses by being vascular (i.e. having water-conducting vessels). They have stems and leaves, like other vascular plants. Most ferns have what are called fiddleheads that expand into fronds, which are each delicately divided.

Leptosporangiate ferns (sometimes called true ferns) are by far the largest group, but ferns as defined here (ferns sensu lato) include horsetails, whisk ferns, marattioid ferns, and ophioglossoid ferns. This group may be referred to as monilophytes. The term pteridophyte traditionally refers to ferns plus a few other seedless vascular plants (see the classification section below), although some recent authors have used the term to refer strictly to the monilophytes.

Ferns first appear in the fossil record 360 million years ago in the late Devonian period but many of the current families and species did not appear until roughly 145 million years ago in the early Cretaceous, after flowering plants came to dominate many environments. The fern Osmunda claytoniana is a paramount example of evolutionary stasis. Paleontological evidence indicates it has remained unchanged, even at the level of fossilized nuclei and chromosomes, for at least 180 million years.

Fearn (letter)

Fearn is the Irish name of the third letter of the Ogham alphabet, ᚃ, meaning "alder-tree". In Old Irish, the letter name was Fern, which is related to Welsh gwern(en). Its Primitive Irish root was *wernā and its phonetic value then was [w]. Its Old Irish and modern phonetic value is [f].

Bríatharogam

In the medieval kennings, called Bríatharogam or Word Ogham the verses associated with Fearn are:

airenach fían - "vanguard of warriors" in the Word Ogham of Morann mic Moín

comét lachta - "milk container" in the Word Ogham of Mac ind Óc (vessels where made of alder).

dín cridi - "protection of the heart" in the Word Ogham of Culainn.

References

Fern (rapper)

Fernando Miranda (born May 16, 1979), who goes by the stage name Fern and sometimes F.E.R.N., is an American Christian hip hop musician. He is part of the duo, Social Club, with his partner, Marty. His first extended play, 68 and Douglas, was released in 2015. This was his breakthrough release upon the Billboard magazine charts.

Early life

Miranda was born, Fernando Miranda, on May 16, 1979, and he was raised in Miami, Florida, where himself and Marty established Social Club.

Music career

Fern's solo music recording career started in 2015, with the extended play, 68 and Douglas, that was released on December 4, 2015, by Social Club. The extended play was his breakthrough release upon the Billboard magazine charts, where it placed on four charts, while it peaked at No. 15 on Christian Albums, No. 21 on Independent Albums, No. 19 on Rap Albums, and No. 5 on Heatseekers Albums.

Discography

References

External links