Statue of the Fallen Angel, Retiro Park (Madrid, Spain)
Statue of "The Fallen Angels" (1893) by Salvatore Albano at the Brooklyn Museum in New York City

Fallen angel is a concept developed in Jewish and Christian thought from interpretation of the Book of Enoch.[1] The actual term fallen angel is not found in either the Hebrew Bible[2] or the New Testament. Christians adopted the concept of fallen angels[1] mainly based on their interpretations of the Book of Revelation Chapter 12.[2] Fallen angels are identified with the Watchers,[3] as well as the angels who are cast down to the earth from the War in Heaven, and ha-satan.[2]

Contents

Allusions to fallen angels [link]

The Watchers [link]

The mention of the "sons of God" in Genesis 6:2 ("The sons of God saw that the daughters of man were attractive. And they took as their wives any they chose") has sometimes been interpreted, both in Judaism and in Christianity, as a reference to fallen angels.

The pre-Christian apocryphal Book of Enoch recounts that a group of 200 rebellious angels, or Watchers, left heaven and came down to Earth to marry human women and have children with them.[4]

Angels cast to earth [link]

In the New Testament, Revelation 12:3-4 refers to the dragon’s tail that drew a third part of the stars of heaven. In verses 7-9, The Dragon and his angels battle against Michael the Archangel in a War in Heaven. Losing the battle, they are “cast out” of heaven to the earth. Thus, amongst Christians, fallen angels have been associated with the term “cast out”.[2][5]

Fall of Satan [link]

An explicit reference is found in Luke 10:18 to a "fall" of Satan, whom the New Testament never explicitly identifies as an "angel".[6] According to Ben Witherington, the passage can be translated either as "fall from heaven, like lightning" or "fall, like lightning from heaven".[7]

Fall of Lucifer [link]

From the 5th century, Christian literature develops about Lucifer (Latin, literally meaning light-bearer, for the Morning Star)[8] as a name attributed to the Devil. This usage stems from a particular interpretation of Isaiah 14:3-20, by Origen and others,[9] Some see the passage as using this name to describe the king of Babylon, who, after exalting himself as if he were a deity, was cast down by God. Similar terminology is used in Ezekiel to describe the king of Tyre. The Greek word used in the Septuagint of Isaiah 14;12 is Ἑωσφόρος (Heosphoros, "dawn-bearer"),[10][11][12] not φωσφόρος, the etymological synonym of Latin lucifer,[13][14] used in 2 Peter 1:19 of the morning star, which is mentioned also elsewhere in the Bible with no reference to Satan.

Other religious views [link]

Catholicism [link]

The Catechism of the Catholic Church speaks of "the fall of the angels" not in spatial terms but as a radical and irrevocable rejection of God and his reign by some angels who, though created as good beings, freely chose evil, their sin being unforgivable because of the irrevocable character of their choice, not because of any defect in the infinite divine mercy.[15]

Universalism [link]

19th-century Universalists such as Thomas Allin (1891)[16] claimed that Clement of Alexandria, Origen and Gregory of Nyssa taught that even the Devil and fallen angels will eventually be saved.[17]

Unitarianism [link]

The Unitarian Joseph Priestley suggested that the passages refer to Korah.[18] William Graham (1772) suggested that it referred to the spies in Canaan.[19] These passages are generally held today to be commentary, either positive or neutral or negative, on Jewish traditions concerning Enoch circulating in the Early Church.[20]

Islam [link]

The Quran mentions angels (malak ملاك) around ninety times, usually in the plural and referring to obedient angels.

The Quran states that Satan was a Jinn (as in Islam, angels can not disobey Allah) and also he is mentioned with the angels in verses (2:34,[21] 7:11, 15:29, 17:61, 18:50, 20:116, 38:71) prior to his fall. Satan (also called Iblis from Greek diabolos, "the devil") rebelled and was banished on earth, and he vowed to create mischief on earth after being given respite by Allah till the Day of Judgment, according to verses (80-85:38).[22] In Islamic Terminology, Jinns, like humans, have the capacity to choose whether to obey Allah or disobey Him, which means they have free will.

Harut and Marut (Arabic: هاروت وماروت‎) are two angels sent to test the people of Babylon. That there are fallen angels is not in the Quran and the Quran explicitly states angels have no free will, but are like appendages of Allah.[23][24] But, it is said Allah gave free will to those two angels for 2 months to show them why human being is a superior creature, and then they were taken back to the heavens. In the meantime, they taught some spiritual things and magic to human being.(Quran 2:30)

Influence [link]

In literature, John Milton's Paradise Lost (7.131-134, etc.), refers to Satan as being "brighter once amidst the host of Angels, than the sun amidst the stars."[25]

Footnotes [link]

  1. ^ a b Reed 2005, p. 2
  2. ^ a b c d Davidson 1994, p. 111
  3. ^ Reed 2005, p. 1
  4. ^ Charlesworth Old Testament Pseudepigrapha Vol.1 Doubleday
  5. ^ Early Christian thought in its Jewish context p 67 ed. John M. G. Barclay, Morna Dorothy Hooker, John Philip McMurdo Sweet - 1996
  6. ^ Philip Edgcumbe Hughes Paul's second epistle to the Corinthians 1962 "Nothing could be more incongruous, therefore, than for Satan to pose as an angel of light"
  7. ^ "The question remains as to what the phrase 'from heaven' modifies— Satan's fall, or 'like lightning'. If it modifies 'like lightning', then we may not be told from where Satan fell. Yet even if we translate, 'I saw Satan fall, like lightning from heaven', it could still be implied that Satan's fall is from the same place" (Ben Witherington, The Christology of Jesus 1990, p. 147).
  8. ^ Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary
  9. ^ Russell, Jeffrey (1981). Satan. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN 0-8014-9413-3. [page needed] "A great deal of the vivid elaboration of legend and literature on the Devil's nature arises from Origen's initiative in using these texts.61 The angels fell in the beginning along with Satan, and for the same reason, pride."
  10. ^ Septuagint Book of Isaiah
  11. ^ Isaiah 14 LXX
  12. ^ "Lucifer" in Isaiah 14:12-17
  13. ^ ScriptureText.com
  14. ^ φωσφόρος Etymonline.com
  15. ^ Catechism of the Catholic Church, "The Fall of the Angels" (391-395)
  16. ^ Allin, Thomas (1891). Christ Triumphant or Universalism Asserted as the Hope of the Gospel on the Authority of Reason, the Fathers, and Holy Scripture. https://www.tlchrist.info/tallin.htm. [page needed]
  17. ^ Itter on Clement, Crouzel & Norris on Origen, etc.
  18. ^ The theological and miscellaneous works of Joseph Priestley, Vol.2
  19. ^ William Graham, An enquiry into the scripture meaning of the word Satan, and its synonimous terms, the devil, or the adversary, and the wicked one. Wherein the notions concerning devils or demons are brought... MA 8vo. is. 6d. Johnson. 1772
  20. ^ The Jewish apocalyptic heritage in early Christianity p 66 ed. James C. VanderKam, William Adler - 1996 "... who would not bring forth fruit to God. since the angels that sinned had commingled with them. ... 206 The translation is from Bauckham, "The Fall of the Angels', 320. 207 'Enoch says that the angels who transgressed taught mankind "
  21. ^ Iblis became Satan: "Behold! We said to the Angels, 'Bow down to Adam': they bowed down except Iblis. He was One of the Jinns, beings born of Fire, making Iblis think he was superior to a being born of Earth, and he broke the Command of his Lord....(Koran, 18:50)"
  22. ^ Jeffrey Burton Russell Lucifer, the Devil in the Middle Ages chapter 'The Muslim Devil' p55
  23. ^ مصباح المنير في تهذيب تفسير إبن كثير Ismāʻīl ibn ʻUmar Ibn Kathīr, Shaykh Safiur Rahman Al Mubarakpuri, Ṣafī al-Raḥmān Mubārakfūrī / The Meaning And Explanation Of The Glorious Qur'an: 1-203 Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman "The Story of Harut and Marut, and the Explanation that They were Angels Allah said, (And such things that came down at Babylon to the two angels, Harut and Marut, but neither of these two (angels) taught anyone (such things) till they.."
  24. ^ Jan Knappert Islamic legends: histories of the heroes, saints and prophets of Islam 1985 p59 "Harut and Marut - When the Prophet Idris (sometimes identified with Enoch) entered Paradise after his long life on earth, it is said that he was met by two naughty angels, whose names were Azaya or 'Uzza and 'Aza'il."
  25. ^ Online-Literature.com

References [link]

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domainHerbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). Catholic Encyclopedia. Robert Appleton Company. 

Further reading [link]

  • Ashley, Leonard. The Complete Book of Devils and Demons Barricade Books. ISBN 1-56980-077-4
  • Bamberger, Bernard Jacob, (March 15, 2006). Fallen Angels: Soldiers of Satan's Realm, 300pp. ISBN 0-8276-0797-0
  • Davidson, Gustav, 1994. A Dictionary of Angels: Including the Fallen Angels. Free Press. ISBN 0-02-907052-X

External links [link]

Media related to Fallen angels at Wikimedia Commons


https://wn.com/Fallen_angel

Set the World on Fire (Black Veil Brides album)

Set the World on Fire is the second studio album by American rock band Black Veil Brides, released through Lava Records/Universal Republic Records on June 14, 2011. It is the first Black Veil Brides album with Christian "CC" Coma playing the drums. He replaced Sandra Alvarenga after her departure to join the band Modern Day Escape. The title track, "Set the World on Fire," was intended for use in Scream 4, but it was not included in the film. Instead, an extended preview was released for fans. "Fallen Angels" was the first single released in support of the album, accompanied by a music video directed by Nathan Cox. On May 3, a preview for another song titled "Youth and Whisky", was released online. It was then announced that the single had been pushed back on iTunes to May 10, and would be provided free of charge to those who pre-ordered the album simultaneously. The full track listing of the album was released on iTunes, with an exclusive bonus track, titled "Smoke and Mirrors". On May 10, official pre-order packages became available on the official BVB Army website. On May 23, it was announced that the song "Set the World on Fire" would be featured in Transformers: Dark of the Moon and would be the official theme song for WWE Hell in a Cell (2011). During a live stream from Black Veil Brides Stickam channel on May 30, they announced that the music video for their next single, "The Legacy" would premiere on YouTube on June 6, 2011. The next music video to be released from the album was "Rebel Love Song". Two months after being announced, the music video was released via YouTube on October 19, 2011.

Fallen angel (disambiguation)

A fallen angel is an angel that has been exiled or banished from Heaven.

Fallen Angel(s) or The Fallen Angel(s) may also refer to:

Film

  • Fallen Angel (1945 film), a film-noir directed by Otto Preminger
  • Fallen Angel (1981 film), a TV film starring Dana Hill
  • Fallen Angel (1991 film), a TV film starring Michael Chow
  • Fallen Angels (1995 film), a 1995 Hong Kong film written and directed by Wong Kar-wai
  • Fallen Angel (1997 film), a film featuring George Buck Flower
  • Fallen Angels (2002 film), a horror film featuring Dallas Campbell
  • Fallen Angel (2003 film), a TV film starring Gary Sinise
  • Fallen Angels (2006 film), a horror film featuring Adrianne Curry
  • Fallen Angels (2008 film), a 2008 film directed by Morten Tyldum
  • The Fallen Angel (2010 film), a 2010 Japanese film directed by Genjiro Arato
  • Fallen Angel (2010 film), a 2010 film starring Erik Contreras
  • Literature

  • Fallen Angel (comics), an American fictional comic book heroine
  • Fallen Angel (Wilkins novel) or Angel of Ruin, a novel by Kim Wilkins
  • Mark Richardson

    Mark Richardson may refer to:

  • Mark Richardson (runner) (born 1972), British Olympic sprinter
  • Mark Richardson (cricketer) (born 1971), New Zealand ex-cricketer, turned sports commentator and journalist
  • Mark Richardson (footballer) (born 1972), Australian rules footballer
  • Mark Richardson (ice hockey) (born 1986), English ice hockey player
  • Mark Richardson (musician) (born 1970), drummer for the band Skunk Anansie and formerly Feeder
  • Mark Richardson (Missouri politician) (born 1952), from Minority Leader in the Missouri House of Representatives
  • Mark Richardson (Missouri politician)

    Mark L. Richardson (born March 19, 1952 in Poplar Bluff, Missouri) was a politician who served as Minority Leader in the Missouri House of Representatives. He has also served as an assistant prosecuting attorney and a circuit judge.

    His son Todd Richardson has also served as a Republican in the Missouri House of Representatives.

    References

  • Rebecca McDowell Cook. Official Manual: State of Missouri 1997-1998. p. 180.
  • "Circuit Judge Mark Richardson Resigns". Archived from the original on December 18, 2009. Retrieved 2010-01-26.
  • "Richardson to run for Floor Leader with overwhelming caucus support". 2014-05-06. Retrieved 2014-10-28.
  • Mark Richardson (runner)

    Mark Ashton Richardson (born 26 July 1972 in Slough) is a British former athlete who competed mainly in the 400 metres.

    He competed for Great Britain in the 1996 Summer Olympics held in Atlanta, United States in the 4 x 400 metre relay where he won the silver medal with his team mates Iwan Thomas, Jamie Baulch and Roger Black. This team set a UK record, 2:56.60, in the process.

    At the 1997 World Championships in Athens, Richardson ran the anchor leg for Great Britain in the 4x400m relay, winning the silver medal. His unofficial split time was 43.5. On 7 January 2010 it was announced that Great Britain's 1997 World Championship 4x400m relay team are to be awarded the gold medal; they were beaten by a U.S. team that included Antonio Pettigrew, who admitted in 2008 to using performance-enhancing drugs.

    Doping case

    Richardson received a two-year ban from the IAAF after he failed a drugs test which was taken on 25 October 1999. He was suspended in March 2000 and subsequently missed the 2000 Olympics in Sydney. He tested positive for banned substance nandrolone, but claimed that he was unaware of taking the substance. Unlike fellow competitors Linford Christie, Gary Cadogan and Doug Walker, Richardson accepted the ban and chose not to pursue his case to arbitration. The IAAF did re-instate Richardson in June 2001, under their "exceptional circumstances" rule.UK Athletics also cleared Richardson (as they did with Christie, Cadogan and Walker) as they believed there was enough reasonable doubt over the intention to take a banned substance. The IAAF overrule such decisions because they hold athletes completely responsible for drug samples under a "strict liability rule"

    Podcasts:

    PLAYLIST TIME:

    Fallen Angel

    by: Styx

    (Dennis DeYoung)
    "Hell, nobody's perfect
    One hundred percent
    No saint, no Pope, no King no Queen
    No President
    But our hunger for heroes
    Has made us blind
    We seek salvation
    From the cup of human kind
    But every time we hear the voice
    Of some new Abraham
    We wake too late to realize
    It was just another scam
    Fallen angel, fallen angel
    Well I guess you were no angel after all
    Fallen angel, fallen angel
    You always take us with you when you fall
    I said nobody's perfect
    From head to toe
    Not Einstein or Elvis or Lenin or Marx
    Or Marilyn Monroe
    Cause it's mostly illusion
    In flesh and bone
    An image, a look, a song or a book
    That we all claim for our own
    But even in the best of us
    There lies beneath the skin
    The tragic flaw in nature's law
    That's bound to do us in
    Fallen angel, fallen angel
    Well I guess you were no angel after all
    Fallen angel, fallen angel
    You always take us with you when you fall
    Pretty faces up on the silver screen
    Flawless bodies on covers of magazines
    They all look perfect to us
    So rich and cool and bored
    But hold the presses boys
    They've checked into Betty Ford
    Turns out nobody's perfect
    From "A" to "Z"
    It's best to follow your heart
    Then to follow me
    Cause I'm only a singer
    Playin' a song
    And I've just been making it up
    As I went along
    See I met a man who told me once
    "Sincerity's the key
    And once you learn to fake it
    Son you're gonna be home free"
    Fallen angel, fallen angel
    Well I guess you were no angel after all
    Fallen angel, fallen angel




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