Sharp (music)

In music, sharp, dièse (from French), or diesis (from Greek) means higher in pitch. More specifically, in musical notation, sharp means "higher in pitch by a semitone (half step)," and has an associated sharp symbol, ♯, which may be found in key signatures or as an accidental. Sharp is contrasted with flat, which refers to a lowering of pitch. Intonation may be flat, sharp, or both, successively or simultaneously.

Under twelve-tone equal temperament, B sharp, for instance, sounds the same as, or is enharmonically equivalent to, C natural, and E sharp is enharmonically equivalent to F natural. In other tuning systems, such enharmonic equivalences in general do not exist. To allow extended just intonation, composer Ben Johnston uses a sharp to indicate a note is raised 70.6 cents (ratio 25:24), or a flat to indicate a note is lowered 70.6 cents.

In tuning, sharp can also mean "slightly higher in pitch" (by some unspecified amount). If two simultaneous notes are slightly out of tune, the higher-pitched one (assuming the lower one is properly pitched) is said to be sharp with respect to the other. Furthermore, the verb sharpen means "raise the frequency of a note, typically by a small musical interval".

G (musical note)

Sol, So, or G is the fifth note of the fixed-Do solfège starting on C. As such it is the dominant, a perfect fifth above C or perfect fourth below C.

When calculated in equal temperament with a reference of A above middle C as 440 Hz, the frequency of Middle G (G₄) note is approximately 391.995 Hz. See pitch for a discussion of historical variations in frequency.

It has enharmonic equivalents of F (a diatonic semitone below G♯) and A (a diatonic semitone above G♭).

Designation by octave

Scales

Common scales beginning on G

Diatonic scales

Jazz Melodic Minor