FFAT motif

A FFAT motif (FFAT being an acronym for two phenylalanines (FF) in an Acidic Tract ) is a protein sequence motif of six defined amino acids plus neighbouring residues that binds to the protein VAP, where VAP stands for VAMP-associated protein, and VAMP stands for vesicle-associated membrane protein.

Initial definition

The classic FFAT motif was defined on the basis of finding the sequence EFFDAxE in 16 different eukaryotic cytoplasmic proteins (where E = glutamate, F = phenylalanine, D = aspartate, A = alanine, x = any amino acid, according to the single letter amino acid code (see Table of standard amino acid abbreviations and properties in Amino Acids). In all cases, the core sequence is surrounded by regions that are rich in acids D and E (hence negatively charged), and also in residues that can acquire negative charge by phosphorylation (S and T - serine and threonine). This is the Acidic Tract of the name FFAT, and it is mainly found amino-terminal to the core motif, but also extends to the carboxy-terminal side to some extent. Also, this immediate region is almost completely devoid of basic residues (K and R - lysine and arginine).

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Motif

Motif may refer to:

Creative work

Motif (folkloristics), a recurring element that creates recognizable patterns in folklore and folk-art traditions

Motif (music), a perceivable or salient recurring fragment or succession of notes

Motif (narrative), any recurring element in a story that has symbolic significance or the reason behind actions

Motif (textile arts), a recurring element or fragment that, when joined together, creates a larger work

Motif (visual arts), a repeated theme or pattern

Biochemistry

Sequence motif, a sequence pattern of nucleotides in a DNA sequence or amino acids in a protein

Structural motif, a pattern in a protein structure formed by the spatial arrangement of amino acids

Other uses

Motif (album), a 2008 album by guitarist Steve Howe

Motif (chess composition), an element of a move in the consideration of why the piece moves and how it supports the fulfillment of the problem stipulation

Motif (software), a GUI specification and widget toolkit for Unix

Network motif, patterns (sub-graphs) that recur within a network much more often than expected at random

Motif Window Manager

In computing, the Motif Window Manager (MWM) is an X window manager based on the Motif toolkit.

Overview

Mwm is a lightweight, window manager having robust compliance and configuration of the features it has. Mwm first appeared on in the early-1980s, along with the Motif toolkit. Mwm supports: Common User Interface (i.e., Alt-Tab is switch windows, a standard), some International support, Common Desktop Environment, X Resource Database (/home/app-defaults/ and runtime), X Session Manager protocol (save yourself), X Edited Resource Protocol (edit widget data), desktop icons, optional use of images to decorate, and had supported Virtual desktop (removed since 2.1) but now supports non-virtual desktop panning. Mwm is a window manager, not a full desktop environment, so it only manages windows; it is expected that configuration, programs, sound, are provided by other programs. A plain text file is parsed to customize menus, user input mappings, management features, and user made functions of the same.

Motif (chess composition)

In chess composition, a motif is basic element of a move in the consideration why the piece moves and how it supports the fulfillment of a stipulation. Any move may and often does contain multiple motifs. Some composition schools put specific emphasis on motivation in chess problems, especially strategical school and Slovak school.

A composition where a maximum number of a certain motif occurrences is shown is called a task, even if the term task is more general.

Classification of motifs

Motifs may be classified according to various viewpoints. In the usual twomovers they might be:

Positive - those working towards the accomplishment of the stipulation

Attacking - positive motifs of white moves
Weakening - negative motifs of white moves

Attacking - positive motifs of white moves

Weakening - negative motifs of white moves

Negative - those tending to hinder the accomplishment of the stipulation

Defensive - negative motifs of black moves
Harmful - positive motifs of black moves