G-2 (intelligence)
G-2 refers to the military intelligence staff of a unit in the United States Army. It is contrasted with G–1 (personnel), G–3 (operations), and G–4 (supply). These "G" sections have counterparts in other branches of the service, the U.S. Navy using an N– designation and the Joint Staff the prefix J.
G-2 intelligence played an important role during World War II, both aiding fighting forces and in special missions such as those of T-Force and Operation Alsos.
History
G-2 intelligence gathering and interpretation traces its history to the American Revolution:
The G– system, as well as the basic structure of military intelligence and even the concept of an army general staff, are surprisingly modern creations. Although George Washington proved shrewd at gathering and using intelligence in the American Revolution, it was only in 1885 that the army formally instituted its Division of Military Information under the Adjutant General's Office.
European armies had meanwhile adopted the G–designations, which originated in France. In 1903, the U.S. Army implemented the concept of a permanent general staff, and with it the four sections pioneered in Europe. The Division of Military Information thus became G–2.