Ex vivo

Ex vivo (Latin: "out of the living") means that which takes place outside an organism. In science, ex vivo refers to experimentation or measurements done in or on tissue from an organism in an external environment with the minimum alteration of natural conditions. Ex vivo conditions allow experimentation on an organisms cells or tissue under more controlled conditions than is possible in in vivo experiments (in the intact organism), at the expense of altering the "natural" environment.

A primary advantage of using ex vivo tissues is the ability to perform tests or measurements that would otherwise not be possible or ethical in living subjects. Tissues may be removed in many ways, including in part, as whole organs, or as larger organ systems.

Examples of ex vivo specimen use include:

Vivo

Vivo may refer to:

Computer and technology

Places

Music and television

Vivo (photography)

Vivo was a short-lived Japanese photographic cooperative.

Eikoh Hosoe, Kikuji Kawada, Ikkō Narahara, Akira Satō, Akira Tanno, and Shōmei Tōmatsu — six of the participants of the celebrated 1957 exhibition Jūnin no me (10人の眼, Eyes of ten) — formed the Vivo cooperative in July 1957, naming it after the Esperanto word for "life." They shared an office and darkroom in Higashi Ginza (Tokyo), marketing and distributing their own work. Kōtarō Iizawa terms their office "the epicenter of the 'image generation's' photographic expression," and the members' activities "a prime example" of the way Japanese photographers of the time "confronted head-on the transformation of modern Japanese society."

The group disbanded in June 1961.

Retrospectives have included a major exhibition at the Shadai Gallery.

Notes

Vivo (telecommunications)

Vivo (IPA: [ˈvivu], Portuguese for "alive"), legally known as Telefônica Brasil, is the largest telecommunications company in Brazil. It is headquartered in São Paulo.

History

The company was originally formed as part of Telebrás, the state-owned telecom monopoly at the time. In 1998, Telebrás was demerged and privatized, with Telefónica taking Telesp. Telesp was rebranded as Telefonica from 1998 until April 15, 2012, when all Telefonica services were rebranded again to Vivo, using the same strategy of unifying all its services in a unique brand, like Movistar (Hispanic America and Spain) and O₂ (rest of Europe). Currently, the Telefonica brand is only used for the group Telefônica Brasil.

Vivo brands

Vivo owns the following brands: