Ethernet/ˈiːθərnɛt/ is a family of computer networking technologies commonly used in local area networks (LANs) and metropolitan area networks (MANs). It was commercially introduced in 1980 and first standardized in 1983 as IEEE 802.3, and has since been refined to support higher bit rates and longer link distances. Over time, Ethernet has largely replaced competing wired LAN technologies such as token ring, FDDI and ARCNET.
Systems communicating over Ethernet divide a stream of data into shorter pieces called frames. Each frame contains source and destination addresses, and error-checking data so that damaged frames can be detected and discarded; most often, higher-layer protocols trigger retransmission of lost frames. As per the OSI model, Ethernet provides services up to and including the data link layer.
Early Ethernet cabling had generally been based on various grades of coaxial cable, but in 1984, StarLAN showed the potential of simple unshieldedtwisted pair by using Cat3 cable—the same simple cable used for telephone systems. This led to the development of 10BASE-T and its successors 100BASE-TX and 1000BASE-T, supporting speeds of 10, 100 and 1000Mbit/s respectively. Often the higher-speed implementations support the lower-speed standards making it possible to mix different generations of equipment; with the inclusive capability designated 10/100 or 10/100/1000 for connections that support such combinations.
All these three standards define both full-duplex and half-duplex communication. However, half-duplex operation for gigabit speed isn't supported by any existing hardware. The higher speed 10GBASE-T running at 10Gbit/s, consequently defines only full duplex point-to-point links which are generally connected by network switches, and doesn't support the traditional shared-medium CSMA/CD operation.
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Its vendor-neutral format is designed to help customers accelerate 800G Ethernet deployments by validating the reliability, high-performance, and interoperability of networking solutions essential for AI and machine learning applications.
). Fried Frank acted as counsel to Viavi Solutions Inc. in its purchase of Spirent Communications plc's high speed ethernet and network security business lines from Keysight Technologies, Inc.