Estramustine
Estramustine (Emcyt, Estracit) is an antimicrotubule chemotherapy agent used to treat prostate cancer. It is a derivative of oestrogen (specifically, estradiol) with a nitrogen mustard-carbamate ester moiety. It has been withdrawn from a number of markets (Australia, Brazil, Ireland and Norway).
Clinical uses
Estramustine is indicated, in the US, for the palliative treatment of metastatic and/or progressive prostate cancer. Whereas in the UK it is indicated for the treatment of unresponsive or relapsing prostate cancer.
Adverse effects
Adverse effects by frequency:
Very common (>10% frequency):
Oedema
Dyspnoea
Nausea
Diarrhoea
Breast tenderness and enlargement
Common (1-10% frequency):
Lethargy
Insomnia
Congestive heart failure
Easy bruising
Anorexia
Vomiting
Itchiness
Dry skin
Impotence
Leg cramps
Decreased testosterone
Impaired liver function
Blood clots and complications thereof (including stroke, heart attacks, pulmonary embolism and thrombophlebitis)
Rare (<0.1% frequency):
Anaemia